Vocabulary
Name 1 of the 3 types of volcanoes.
Cinder cones, Stratovolcanoes, Shield volcanoes
What is the outermost layer of the earth?
The crust
When 2 oceanic plates converge, it creates ______
Underwater volcano (which erupt and build up until they rise above sea level)
Name 4 possible short term effects of an earthquake
Social:death and injury, damage to property and infrastructure, interruptions to infrastructure (e.g. transport, communication)
Economic: destruction of businesses and interruption to trade, possible increases in crime (e.g. looting)
Environmental: liquefaction causes soil slides, displacement and tilting of buildings, fires caused by exposed or ruptured fuel lines, flooding as a result of tsunamis, avalanches/landslides can be triggered
Plate boundaries are located _________
Where 2 plates meet
What is the name of the super-continent that used to exist
Pangaea
Which layer contains the tectonic plates?
The lithosphere.
When 2 continental plates converge it creates ______
large mountain ranges
Name 4 possible long term effects of an earthquake
Social:displacement of people, increased threat of disease, homelessness or lengthy periods of time spent in temporary accommodation
Economic:loss of income, expense of rebuilding, investment opportunities limited to rebuilding
Environmental: destruction or loss of significant landmarks (human and natural), loss of habitat and wildlife
Name the 3 types of plate boundaries
Transform, Divergent, Convergent
What is the name of the mixture of hot solid material and gasses that erupt from a volcano at high speed?
Pyroclastic flows
What is the name of the thicker tectonic plates, found under land masses?
Continental Plates
What type of plate boundary creates a mid-ocean ridge?
A divergent boundary
(The ridges are areas that are relatively high compared to the surrounding ocean floor — created by magma rising between the diverging plates)
Name the 7 continents
Asia, Europe, North America, South America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica
The Ring of Fire is on which plate?
The Pacific plate
What is the name of the point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus?
Epicentre
What is the hottest layer of the earth?
The (inner) core
When an oceanic plate and a continental plate converge, it creates _________ & _________
trenches, mountains, volcanoes
What is the name of the big fault in California
The San Andreas Fault
What is the subduction zone?
The area where one plate slides under the other while and is returned to the mantle.
What is the name for a hazard or dangerous situation caused by plate movements or other tectonic forces?
A geomorphic hazard
What is the name of the thinner, but more dense tectonic plate, found under the ocean
Oceanic Plates
The San Andeas Fault forms the boundary between which 2 tectonic plates?
The North American plate and the Pacific plate
Which mountain range is caused because of the collision zone between India and China?
The Himalayas
Name 4 of the major tectonic plates
Eurasian plate, African plate, Nasca plate, Austrasian plate, Antarctic plate, Pacific plate, North American plate, South American plate