1. Earth's Structure
2. Plate Tectonics
3. Earthquakes
4. Volcanoes
5. Facts
100
Name the layers of the Earth from the outside -> inside.
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
100
___________ are created by the differences in densities in the mantle.
Convection Currents
100
What do we call a fracture (break) in the earth?
A fault
100
What type of volcano is this?
Composite / Stratovolcano
100
Give an example of a supervolcano
Yellowstone, USA
Taupo lake, NZ
200
True or False?
"The lithosphere is another name for the crust."
False.
The lithosphere consists of the crust and the upper mantle.
200
Name the two plate boundary types that occur when plates come together?
Collision (continental-continental)
Destructive (continental-oceanic)
200
Give an example of an earthquake event [Location, year]
Check online
200
Describe the difference between lava and magma
Both are melted rock -- lava is when it is above the crust, magma when it is still in the Earth's material.
200
What pattern describes the Ring of Fire around the Pacific Plate?
Peripheral
300
True or False?
"The inner core is solid and the outer core is liquid."
True.
They both consist of mostly iron and nickel.
300
What is the name of the largest plate on Earth?
The Pacific Plate
300
Name 2 effects on the environment due to earthquakes.
E.g. landslide (cannot use this one)
fissure, scarp, tsunami
300
A ___________ volcano is one that has not erupted recently but is expected to do so again.
dormant
300
Give 2 reasons why some earthquakes are more dangerous than others
Time of day
Location
Magnitude
Level of development
Depth of focus
400
The crust is the thinnest layer of the Earth. It is _____% of the Earth's mass.
[1%, 5%, 10%]
1%
400
Continental Drift theorises that all continents were once together as one large landmass. What is the name of this "supercontinent"?
Pangaea or Pangea
400
___________ is an instrument to record the motion of the ground during an earthquake.
Seismograph / Seismogram
400
Which volcano type is formed due to slow-cooling and quick-moving lava?
Shield Volcano
400
Composite volcanos have another name. What is it?
Stratovolcano
500
________ in the Earth's mantle are areas where magma is especially hotter than other surrounding areas. It is not a result of convection currents. These _______ create volcanoes on the Earth's crust above it.
Hotspots
500
Who theorised Continental Drift?
Alfred Wegener
500
The Richter Scale was used until the 1970s. What is the name of the current scale we use?
Moment Magnitude Scale
500
What is the name of the flow of ash, magma and rock down a volcano?
Lahar
500
What word describes the process where an earthquake brings water to the surface, causing buildings and vehicles to fall in?
Liquefaction