Pharmacology
First‑line drug for anaphylaxis that reverses airway edema and bronchoconstriction.
What is epinephrine?
This lung sound is commonly heard in patients with fluid overload.
What are crackles?
Condition caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
What is Type 1 diabetes?
First action when a patient’s oxygen saturation suddenly drops.
What is assess the airway and breathing?
This blood test is used to assess long‑term glucose control and reflects average blood sugar levels over approximately three months.
What is hemoglobin A1C?
Electrolyte that must be monitored with loop diuretics due to dysrhythmia risk.
What is potassium?
Abnormal breathing pattern with cycles of deepening respirations followed by apnea.
What are Cheyne–Stokes respirations?
Shock caused by widespread vasodilation and capillary permeability from infection.
What is septic shock?
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These supplies are needed for wound irrigation technique using 5–15 psi pressure.
What is a 30 mL syringe with an 18‑gauge catheter?
A 35 mL syringe with a 19-gauge angiocatheter is also acceptable if available.
Lippincott Procedures: "Wound Irrigation"
This cardiac biomarker can detect elevations within 1 to 3 hours of myocardial infarction (MI) and stay elevated for 1-2 weeks after injury.
What is troponin?
Chen, M. A. (2023). Troponin test. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007452.htm
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Anticoagulant requiring aPTT monitoring.
What is heparin?
Balance test that becomes positive when a patient sways or falls with eyes closed.
What is the Romberg test?
Respiratory condition involving airway hyperresponsiveness and reversible bronchoconstriction.
What is asthma?
Airway maneuver used when cervical spine injury is suspected.
What is the jaw‑thrust maneuver?
ABG value representing the metabolic component of acid–base balance.
What is bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻)?
Opioid antagonist with a shorter half‑life than most opioids.
What is naloxone?
Involuntary tensing of abdominal muscles indicating peritoneal irritation / inflammation.
What is guarding?
Autoimmune disorder causing CNS demyelination.
What is multiple sclerosis?
Isolation type required for illnesses like TB.
What is airborne isolation with an N95 respirator?
Diagnostic test using sound waves to assess cardiac structure and function.
What is an echocardiogram?
Antibiotic class associated with tendon rupture.
What are fluoroquinolones? (Ex. Levofloxacin)
LexiDrugs: May cause tendinopathy or rupture of tendon. Achilles is most commonly cited, but inflammation/rupture of many other tendons (including hand, rotator cuff, biceps, and thumb) has been reported.
Mechanism: Dose- and time-related; upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases damage collagen and elastin in the extracellular matrix. May also have a direct effect on the viability of chondrocytes and tenocytes responsible for collagen synthesis, due to generation of reactive oxygen species, and caspase activation and apoptosis.
Onset: Varied; per the manufacturer's labeling, tendinopathy or tendon rupture may occur within hours or days of initiation or may be delayed for several months after discontinuation.
Risk factors:
• Age >60 years
• Corticosteroid therapy
• Kidney failure
• Diabetes mellitus
• Previous tendon disorders (eg, rheumatoid arthritis)
• Solid organ transplant recipients
• Strenuous physical activity
• Longer duration of therapy and higher dosages
"Finger-nose-finger" or "Heel-shin" tests aimed at discovering a unilateral cerebellar lesion. Part of the NIH Stroke Scale.
What is limb ataxia?
One of the characteristic signs of this diagnosis is the 'butterfly rash'.
What is SLE?
This positioning technique is used to reduce aspiration risk in patients with decreased level of consciousness by promoting airway protection.
What is the lateral (recumbent) position?
Lab value that, when critically low, increases risk of spontaneous bleeding.
What is platelet count?