Transmission
an infectious agent is transferred from a reservoir to a susceptible host by direct contact or droplet spread.
What is Direct transmission
aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs
What is Primary prevention
One who harbors a pathogenic organism for a clinically significant time and is able to pass the infection to others
What is Active carrier
a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time
What is epidemic
refers to the person who first brings a disease into a group of people—a school class, community, or country
What is Primary case
the transfer of an infectious agent through a contaminated inanimate object.
What is Indirect transmission
screening to identify diseases in the earliest stages, before the onset of signs and symptoms
What is Secondary prevention
People who never experience symptoms despite being infected.
What is passive carriers
(of a disease) prevalent over a whole country or the world.
What is pandemic
individuals who contracted the illness through exposure to a primary case, rather than the outbreak source itself
What is Secondary case
involving the inhalation of infectious aerosols or “droplet nuclei” smaller than 5 μm
What is Airborne transmission
rehabilitation and efforts to prevent disease progression after an injury or event has occurred
What is Tertiary prevention
those who have recovered from their illness but remain capable of transmitting to others
What is Convalescent carrier
(of a disease or condition) regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
What is Endemic
a case that is classified as suspected for reporting purposes
What is Suspect case
infections transmitted by the bite of infected arthropod species, such as mosquitoes, ticks, triatomine bugs, sandflies, and blackflies.
What is Vector-borne transmission
legislation and enforcement to ban or control the use of hazardous products
What is Active primary prevention
those who can transmit the agent during the incubation period before clinical illness begins
What is Incubatory carrier
includes both common-source and propagated outbreak characteristics
What is Mixed epidemic
first documented patient in a disease epidemic within a population, or the first documented patient included in an epidemiological study
What is Index case
an indirect transmission process during which the pathogen is indirectly transferred from a reservoir, source or host to another host by inanimate intermediary vehicle objects.
What is Vehicle-borne transmission
strategies are those that do not require action by an individual for protection to occur
What is Passive primary prevention
One who harbors an infectious organism, e.g., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the nasal passages, from time to time but not continuously
What is Intermittent carrier
an external agent, a host and an environment in which the agent and host meet.
What is Epidemiology triangle
What is Zoonosis