11a - Aerodynamics & Flight Controls
When a large amount of aileron is used, the spoilers account for how much of the roll rate?
80% of the roll rate.
What do the following 4 sections cover in FAR Part 25 Subpart C, as of the e-CFR Data:
1. 25.301
2. 25.303
3. 25.305
4. 25.307
1. Loads
2. Factor of Safety
3. Strength and Deformation
4.Proof of Structure.
What is the purpose of cabin air return grilles and for what reason would they be required?
Allow air to move from the upper cabin to the lower cabin for these reasons:
1. Normal conditioned air circulation
2. Air circulation during rapid decompression.
What aircraft systems use pneumatic power?
1. Engine start systems
2. Air conditioning and pressurisation systems
3. Nitrogen generation systems
4. Engine inlet cowl and wing anti-ice systems
5. Water tank pressurisation system
6. Hydraulic reservoir pressurisation system.
11b - Structures:
List the 5 different types of Wing Designs
1.Mono-spar
2. Multi-spar
3. Truss type
4. Box beam
5. D-spar
What are the effects of stall angle when using:
1. Flaps alone
and when using:
2. Flaps & Slats
1. Flaps alone - decrease stall angle and speed
2. Flaps and Slats - increase stall angle
Certification of airframe structure generally requires the structure to be subject to testing and/or analysis to demonstrate what 2 capabilities?
1. Static strength
2. Fatigue strength
Describe the flow of fuel operation.
1. leaves the fuel selector valve
2. flows through the main strainer
3. into the electric fuel pump.
List the 7 types of Air Supply Sources.
1. Engine bleed air
2. Auxiliary power unit (APU)
3. Electric cabin air compressors
4. Centrifugal cabin compressor
5. Turbo charger
6. Jet pump
7. Ground supply cart.
11d - Pneumatics:
Why do some ducts have a gold coating?
Protects the ducts from the effects of hydrocarbon contamination (hydrogen embrittlement) and decreases heat transfer.
Explain the effects of Flap Deployment on Pitch
Pitch nose down - bulk of lift moves aft to the trailing edge of the wing when the flap is deployed (at the flap location)
In a Boeing 737 Section 41, where is the Datum line (B737NG) located?
130in forward of the tip of the radome
A fuel injection system requires what for the return of fuel?
collector tank
When are Low-Pressure (LP) and High-Pressure (HP) bleed air used?
1. Low-Pressure (LP) - used at medium to high engine power settings (i.e., during take-off, climb and cruise conditions).
2. High-Pressure (HP) - used at low engine rpm during descent when the low-pressure air supply is inadequate.
11a - Flight Controls:
When would the crew receive a warning signal via the jamming detection system and what steps would they take to eliminate this?
If the control valve jams, the mechanically controlled actuator can continue to operate. When the input force is higher than the preloaded spring force, the roller moves out of its cam. This depresses a micro-switch which transmits a warning signal to the crew via the jamming detection system.
The crew must then shut off the power supply from the hydraulic system involved.
What is Boundary layer control designed to do?
2. Reduce drag by 50%
Structural alignment checks usually include?
1. Wing dihedral angle
2. Wing incidence angle
3. Horizontal stabiliser incidence
4. Horizontal stabiliser dihedral
5. Verticality of the fin
6. Engine alignment
7. A symmetry check.
In which conditions would an Automatic Pressure Refueller inlet valve close?
1. The related fuel high-level sensors become 'wet'.
2. The refuel/de-fuel valves switch is set to SHUT.
3. The fuel tank has got the set fuel load.
Which air supply source consists of a small turbine powerplant driving an electric generator, that is designed for bleed air extraction on the ground only, unless it's the Honeywell 131-9B that can only supply pneumatic power alone up to 17 000 feet?
Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)
11c - Systems:
What are the 3 types of air valves used in accumulators?
1. AN812
2. AN6287-1
3. MS28889-1
Explain the operation and effect of Balance Panels when:
1. The primary flight control is in the Neutral Position
and when:
2. The primary flight control is in the Up Position and the resultant force.
1. Neutral - air is balanced in each compartment.
2. Up - high pressure is in the upper compartment and the resultant force acts on the hinged balance panel, moving down to assist the tab to move the primary control up.
List the common types of Door Seal shapes
1. Bulb
2. Diaphragm
3. Flap (blade seals)
4. Multiform (combination of forms).
1. Open - supply a constant-volume flow
2. Closed - pumps vary their flow rate, pumping very little hydraulic fluid until the operator actuates a valve.
What other names is the Vapour Cycle Machine known as? and what is its purpose?
Also known as a refrigeration system or Freon system.
Installed in older piston or jet aircraft to cool the cockpit and passenger cabin.
11c - Systems:
The hydraulic fluid in the reservoir is pressurised to what PSI in order to supply the pump with fluid correctly.
approximately 45psi