Health
What is a pathogen?
An agent that is the source of an infection or disease.
What is direct transmission?
It requires physical contact between an infected person and a susceptible person.
What is a carrier?
An individual who does not show signs or symptoms of a disease but has the infectious agent and is able to spread it to others.
What is the chain of infection?
It includes the infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host.
What is the epidemiology triangle?
A model for explaining the organism causing the disease and the conditions that allow it to reproduce and spread
What is an epidemic?
A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.
What is airborne transmission?
It is when droplet nuclei or dust particles containing microorganisms can remain suspended in the air for long periods of time.
What is a healthy carrier?
People who never experience symptoms despite being infected.
What is a reservoir?
The habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies.
What is fomite?
They are inanimate objects such as handkerchiefs, bedding, or surgical scalpels
What is a pandemic?
An epidemic occurring worldwide, or over a very wide area, crossing international boundaries and usually affecting a large number of people
What is indirect transmission?
It refers to the transfer of an infectious agent from a reservoir to a host by suspended air particles, inanimate objects, or animate intermediaries.
What is an active carrier?
One who harbors a pathogenic organism for a clinically significant time and is able to pass the infection to others
What is a portal of exit?
The path by which a pathogen leaves its host. It usually corresponds to the site where the pathogen is localized.
What is biological transmission?
It occurs when the vector uptakes the agent, usually through a blood meal from an infected animal, replicates and, and then regurgitates the pathogen onto or injects it into a susceptible animal.
What is zoonosis?
It refers to an infectious disease that is transmissible under natural conditions from vertebrate animals to humans.
What is vector-borne transmission?
Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding anthropods.
What is a convalescent carrier?
Those who have recovered from their illness but remain capable of transmitting to others.
What is a portal of entry?
It refers to the manner in which a pathogen enters a susceptible host.
What is rehabilitation?
It is care that can help you get back, keep, or improve abilities that you need for daily life
What are the modes of transmission?
There are many different modes. Direct contact, droplet spread, indirect contact, airborne, vehicle-borne, vectorborne.
What is vehicle-borne transmission?
It is an indirect transmission process during which the pathogen is indirectly transferred from a reservoir, source or host to another host by inanimate intermediary vehicle objects
What is intermittent carrier?
Individuals who have been exposed to and harbor a pathogen and who can spread the disease at different places or intervals.
What is primary prevention?
It aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs.
What is propagated?
Something that has reproduced.