Disease Spread
What is Sporadic?
Disease occurring in scattered areas. Only seen occasionally and in a few areas.
what is a case?
a person in the population or study group identified as having the particular disease, health disorder, or condition under investigation
What is the Epidemic triangle?
A model of disease causations that help us understand the factors.
Example of reservoirs
Humans
Primary prevention
preventing a disease or disorder before it happens.
What is endemic?
Diseases that have a constant presence at a low level and are generally confined to a certain population or region.
what is a primary case?
A person who acquires a disease from an exposure
what factor is throughout the triangle?
Time
Portal of exit?
Pathogen leaves via skin
Active primary
prevention that requires behavioral change on the individual’s part.
What is an epidemic?
A generally sudden increase in a number of cases of a disease above the normally expected level within a community, population, or region.
What is a secondary case?
A person who gets a disease from exposure to a person with the disease, or primary case
1st part of triangle?
Host
Mode of transmission?
Could be indirect
Passive primary
Prevention of onset chronic disease, ex) excercise and diets
What is a pandemic?
A pandemic corresponds to an epidemic that has spread over multiple countries or continents and usually affects a large number of people.
what is an index case?
the first documented patient in a disease epidemic within a population.
2nd part of triangle?
Infectious agent
Portal of entry?
pathogen is transmitted through the skin
Secondary prevention
screening to identify diseases in the earliest stages, before the onset of signs and symptoms
What did COVID-19 start as?
what is a suspect case?
3rd part of triangle?
How will the host be affected?
Tertiary prevention
softening the impact by helping people live with their onset disease or illness , not exactly preventing it from happening.