Different Cases
Modes of Disease Transmission
Different Carriers
Levels of Prevention
Disease Transmission Concepts
100

primary case

what is the first disease case in the population

100

direct transmission 

what is the uninterrupted and immediate transfer of an infectious agent from one person to another

100

Active carrier

what is an individual who has been exposed to and harbors a disease-causing organism (pathogen) and who has done so for some time, even though the person may have recovered from the disease

100

primary prevention 

what is preventing a disease or disorder before it happens

100

fomite

what is an object such as a piece of clothing, a door handle, or a utensil that can harbor an infectious agent and is capable of being a means of transmission 

200

secondary case 

A person who becomes infected and ill after a disease has been introduced into a population and who is infected as a result of contact with the primary case

200

indirect transmission 

what is when an agent is transferred or carried by some intermediate item, organism, means, or process to a host, resulting in disease

200

Healthy or passive carriers

what is an individual exposed to and harbors a pathogen but has not become ill or shown any of the symptoms of the disease

200

secondary prevention 

what is aims to block the progression of disease or prevent an injury from developing into an impairment or disability 

200

vector

what is invertebrate animal that transmits infection by conveying the infectious agent from one host to another 

300

suspect case 

what is has all the signs and symptoms of a disease or condition but has not been diagnosed as having the disease 

300

vector-borne transmission   

what is does not cause the disease itself but is responsible for transmitting the pathogen to a host

300

Convalescent carrier

what is an individual who harbors a pathogen and who, although in the recovery phase of the course of the disease, is still infectious

300

tertiary prevention

what is r block the progression of a disability, condition, or disorder to keep it from advancing and requiring excessive care 

300

reservoir 

what is the habitat in or on which an infectious agent lives, grows, and multiplies, and on which it depends for its survival in nature 

400

case severity 

what is found by looking at several variables that are effective measures of it 

400

vehicle-borne transmission  

what is when a pathogen such as cholera or shigellosis is carried in drinking water, swimming pools, streams, or lakes used for swimming.

400

Incubatory carrier

what is an individual who has been exposed to and harbors a pathogen, is in the beginning stages of the disease, is displaying symptoms, and has the ability to transmit the disease 

400

passive primary prevention 

what is does not require behavior change the part of the individual 

400

zoonosis 

what is an infectious organism in vertebrate animals that can be transmitted to humans through direct contact, a fomite, or a vector. 

500

case definition 

what is that cases are consistently diagnosed, regardless of where or when they were identified and who diagnosed the case

500

airborne transmission 

what is when droplets or dust particles carry the pathogen to the host and cause infection  

500

Intermittent carrier

what is an individual who has been exposed to and harbors a pathogen and who can spread the disease in different places or at different intervals 

500

active primary prevention 

requires behavior changes in the individual 

500

vehicle

what is a nonliving intermediary such as a clothing, food, or water that conveys the infectious agent from its reservoir to a susceptible host.