Early Church Leadership
In the first century, churches were led by these two types of leaders.
Answer: What are deacons and elders/bishops?
The theory that taught Peter was given supreme authority and that later leaders inherited it.
Answer: What is the Petrine theory?
This penalty removed a person from the Church and denied access to the sacraments.
Answer: What is excommunication?
A document sold by the Church that reduced punishment for sins.
Answer: What is an indulgence?
The original meaning of the word catholic.
Answer: What is universal?
According to Scripture, this person is the true Head of the Church.
Answer: Who is Christ?
How apostolic succession was used to justify the increasing authority of bishops over churches.
Answer: What is the belief that bishops inherited authority directly from the apostles?
By the 12th century, this number of sacraments was officially recognized by the Church of Rome.
Answer: What is seven?
The practice of withdrawing from society to live a life devoted to God.
Answer: What is monasticism?
The Latin translation of the Bible used by the medieval church.
Answer: What is the Vulgate?
The New Testament presents church leadership as shared among elders rather than centered in this type of authority.
Answer: What is one man holding supreme authority?
Ways the belief in apostolic succession shaped the church’s structure and influence in later centuries.
Answer: What is the development of a hierarchical and centralized church structure?
The most important element of the Mass in medieval church teaching.
Answer: What is the Eucharist?
Men who practiced monasticism were called this.
Answer: Who are monks?
The Latin word from which the title “pope” comes.
Answer: What is father?
This city was the location of the first Christian church.
Answer: What is Jerusalem?
This doctrine taught that the Church held both spiritual and political authority.
Answer: What is the Two Swords doctrine?
The doctrine that teaches bread and wine become the actual body and blood of Christ.
Answer: What is transubstantiation?
According to medieval church teaching, this was a place where souls were purified before Heaven.
Answer: What is purgatory?
A 200-year period of peace and stability in the Roman Empire.
Answer: What is Pax Romana?
The belief that church authority was passed down in an unbroken line from the apostles.
Answer: What is apostolic succession?
Explain the “Two Swords” doctrine.
Answer: What is the belief that the Church held spiritual authority while also claiming power over secular rulers?
Why the Church’s teaching on sacraments gave priests significant power.
Answer: What is that only priests could administer the sacraments and control access to salvation?
The vows taken by Benedictine monks.
Answer: What are vows of lifelong poverty, chastity, and obedience to the abbot?
The Roman emperor ruling during the ministry and crucifixion of Jesus Christ.
Answer: Who is Tiberius?