Terms & Examples
This is a category of humankind who share physical traits that society deems important in distinguishing between groups.
What is race?
This paradigm states that there is tension in society because the dominant group perceives a threat from the subordinate group.
What is the Conflict Theory?
This intergroup relation is the process where a minority and majority group combine to form a new group.
What is amalgamation?
The ethnic enclaves of New York City demonstrate which type of intergroup relation?
What is pluralism and sometimes assimilation (think of the example of tea from the video we watched in class!)?
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, "Hispanic" is considered what? (A race or an ethnicity?
An ethnicity
Provide an example of a race and an ethnicity.
Answers may vary.
Examples of Race: White, Black or African American, Asian or Pacific Islander, etc.
Examples of Ethnicity: Italian, Peruvian, Dominican, Irish, etc.
These are the symbols that shape people's interactions when applying the Symbolic Interactionist perspective to race and ethnicity.
What are the physical traits and characteristics of a racial group?
How do segregation indices work?
The lower the number, the more integrated society is.
The higher the number, the more segregated society is.
Native American boarding schools are an example of what type of assimilation?
Forced assimilation.
This census year was the first year that people who checked either the "White" or "Black or African American" boxes were asked to write more about their origins.
What is 2020?
This is the difference between race and ethnicity.
Race is a social construct that is based on physical characteristics, whereas ethnicity is based on cultural characteristics.
Why is the Structural Functionalist view of race and ethnicity controversial?
Structural Functionalism seeks to explain harmony within society, and it can be applied to talk about the dominant group's unity resulting from their common actions in oppressing the subordinate group.
This is the difference between PLURALISM and ASSIMILATION.
Pluralist societies are a situation in which people of different social classes, religions, races, etc. are mixed together in a society but continue to maintain their own traditions, norms, values, etc.
However, with assimilation, a minority group gives up some aspects of their cultural identity while maintaining other aspects of it.
Apartheid in South Africa, where nonwhite South Africans—a majority of the population—were forced through legislation to live in separate areas from whites and use separate public facilities, is an example of which intergroup relation AND its type?
De jure segregation
These were the THREE racial categories included on the first census in 1790.
1. Slaves
2. Free White Females & Males
3. All Other Free Persons
This is the difference between racism and racial discrimination AND examples of each.
Racism is an ideology that prescribes statuses to racial groups based on perceived differences, whereas racial discrimination are the actions that result from these ideas.
Examples may vary.
Explain Du Bois' notion of "The Veil" and its impact on subordinate groups, which in his case, he studied the African American community.
The "Veil" is the notion that African Americans view the world differently than whites due to their skin color because of racial discrimination. This results in the African American community having to develop "Double Consciousness," which states that African Americans have to develop an awareness of themselves within their families and communities AND within societies that see them as different and inferior.
This is the difference between DE JURE and DE FACTO segregation.
De jure segregation is segregation that is codified into law, whereas de facto segregation happens because of other factors, such as socioeconomic conditions, feelings of group membership and belonging, etc.
According to the 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, genocide consists of what? Provide TWO different actions that the United Nations considers to be genocide.
According to article II of the Convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group:
(a) Killing members of the group
(b) Causing serious physical or mental harm to members of the group
(c) Intentionally subjecting the group to living conditions intended to cause its physical destruction, in whole or in part
(d) Imposing measures aimed at preventing the birth of children within the group
(e) Forcibly transferring children from the group to another group
The census taker AND people could have been mislabeled due to their physical characteristics, resulting in inaccurate census data and potentially reinforce racial discrimination.
This is the difference between minority/subordinate groups and dominant groups AND THREE of the five characteristics of minority groups.
Dominant groups always have more power over the subordinate group.
Characteristics of Subordinate Groups:
Unequal treatment and less power over their lives
Distinguishing physical or cultural traits like skin color or language
Involuntary membership in the group (being born into it)
Awareness of subordination
High rate of in-group marriage
Using Tajfel's Social Identity Theory, explain the difference between the in-group and the out-group AND provide a real-world example that explains the effects of this theory on society.
The in-group is the group you fit in with, whereas the out-group is the group you are not a member of. The Social Identity Theory consists of categorization, social identification, and social comparison, so it can lead to the in-group developing prejudicial beliefs or stereotypes about the out-group.
These are the THREE most INTOLERANT intergroup relations AND definitions of each one.
1. Segregation: The physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in the workplace and social functions
2. Expulsion: A subordinate group is forced by a dominant group to leave a certain area or country
3. Genocide: The deliberate annihilation of a targeted subordinate group
Provide real-life examples of ANY THREE intergroup relations of your choice. You MUST explain how this interaction demonstrates this type of intergroup relation using the definition and facts from the event as support!
Answers may vary. Please see our slides on intergroup relations for several examples and ideas.
What can US census classification tell us about changing views of race in the United States?
Answers may vary.
- The changing racial categories can show us the increased tolerance in embracing diversity in society.
- The ability to check off more than one racial category shows increased tolerance towards people of mixed racial backgrounds (think of amalgamation).
- Changing government policies can also be applied to this question as well (Example: Native American citizenship)