Skill Acquisition
Skill acquisition programs target skills to increase or decrease?
Increase
What are the three components in a discrete trial?
antecedent, behavior, consequence
What are the components in Preference Based Teaching?
Before instruction, during instruction, after instruction
What are the two types of reinforcement?
Positive and negative
What is a task analysis?
Breaks down complex skills into smaller units,
What does it mean for a goal to be socially significant?
means the behaviours we address should be important to the individual and their life.
Describe the role of prompts in the development of stimulus control
Prompts are used to produce the correct response from the individual. Through repeated presentation of the antecedent, prompts are faded across sessions and a consequence is provided
What is pairing?
Process by which the adult establishes him/herself as a conditioned reinforcer
Pairing yourself with reinforcing items
Explain why immediacy is a factor effecting reinforcement.
The time between the occurrence of a behavior and the reinforcement consequence is important.
Reinforcers delivered immediately after the response are more likely to be effective as reinforcement
A specific series of behaviours that lead to reinforcement is called ______
A behavior chain
What are the two type of prompts?
Response and stimulus prompts
True or False: When you are new to a client, you do not need to pair.
When first teaching a skill, it is suggested to use a ______ schedule and then fade to a _________.
CRF, intermittent/variable schedule
What type of chaining methods teaching independence from the end of the chain to the front (beginning).
Backwards Chaining
What is an added antecedent stimulus used to help the learner so that he/she responds correctly in the presence of an SD.
A prompt
What should you avoid during pairing?
Placing demands on the child, stopping the child from engaging in a preferred activity to engage in a learning (less preferred) activity, don’t relinquishing preferred items, reinforcing inappropriate behaviours, Being associated with negative events, Training mands during pairing
Which schedule of reinforcement produces high, steady rate of responding?
Variable/intermittent schedules
What type of chaining method teaching independence from the front of the chain until the entire chain is emitted independently.
Forward Chaining
What is a discriminative stimulus (Sd)?
Stimulus that signals the availability of reinforcement for a particular behaviour based on its learning history.
What are "tips for pairing"?
Identify reinforcers, Free reinforcement not free access, Narrate vs instruct, try to interact without having to disrupt reinforcement, do not present demands, select items made better with you than without
When Alexandra was at work, her vocational coach praised her for completing an average of 20 tasks.
VR20
What type of intervention to teach a chain uses pictures to prompt the learner to engage in that behavior in the proper sequence.
Picture Prompts