cultural competence
what are the stages of cultural competence?
1. cultural destructiveness
2. cultural incapacity
3. cultural blindness
4. cultural pre- competence
5. cultural competence
what is cultual competence?
- the most positive stage at the end of the continuum, competence is indicated by the following:
1. acceptance & respect of cultural differences
2. continual expansion of cultural knowledge
3. continued cultural self- assessment
4. attention to the dynamics of cultural differences
5. adoption of culturally relevant service- delivery models to better meet needs
what is invalidation?
- negates or dismiss behaviour independent of the actual validity of behaviour
- to weaken, to nullify, to cancel, to reject, to dismiss
what are the 3 ways to validate?
1. thoughts
2. feelings
3. actions
1. denial
2. anger
3. bargaining
4. depression
5. acceptance
what is cultural destructiveness?
- the most negative stages
- attitudes, behaviours, policies, and practices are destructive or harmful to people or their cultures
example: genocide
what is culture?
- an integrated pattern of human behaviour that includes thoughts, communications, languages, practices, beliefs, values, customs, courtesies, rituals, manners of interacting roles, relationships and expected behaviours of racial, ethnic, religious, or social group and the ability to transmit the above to succeeding generations
what are the 6 invalidating responses?
1. reject self- description as inaccurate
2. reject a normal response
3. reject response to events as incorrect or ineffective
4. dismiss or disregard
5. directly criticize or punish
6. reject and link responses to socially unacceptable characteristics
what are the dimensions of responses?
1. constructive vs. destructive: encouraging a few positive suggestions, a destructive response is discouraging and may be dreaming
2. active vs. passive: shows interest and engagement, passive responding is detached and indifferent
what is anticipatory grief?
- when someone is facing death
- sense of prolongues grief
- seeing a person suffering can be difficult even if we aren't family members
what is cultural incapacity?
- the individual/ agency does not mean to be destructive to others and their cultures but does not have the capacity or awareness to meet different cultural needs
what is culturally responsive practice in TR?
- culturally responsiveness is a self/ process driven lifelong commitment to a tailored, dialogue approach that responds to the needs being presented by the individual in social, economic, political, linguistic, disparities
how does invalidation impact us?
1. confusion about self
2. problems regulating emotions
3. oversimplification
4. responds to and view of the world are not accurate
5. look to others to tell you how to do things
what are the forms of responses?
1. constuctive active: enthusiastic support, eye contact, authentic
2. destructive active: quashing the event, dismissive, demeaning
3. constructive passive: low energy, delayed response, quiet
4. destructive passive: turns focus inward, avoiding, ignoring speaker
- insomnia
- pain, chest, pressure, heart palpatations
- back ache
- panic attacks/ anxiety
what is cultural blindness?
- the professional/ agency provides services with the expressed intent of being unbiased. they function as if the culture makes no difference and all people are the same.
example: "i treat everyone alike, i don't see colour"
cultural competence - in context
cultural competence (maximum desired outcome)+ lifelong learner+ cultural responsive (minimum set of standards)
what is validation? and why is it important?
- to acknowledge and accept a person's feelings, thoughts, behaviours and internal experience as legitimate and understandable
C= communicate
L= legitimate
E= explain
A= acknowledge
R= respect
- enhances identity
- facilitates regulation of emotions
- recognizes the truth of different viewpoints
what are the benefits of active construtive responding?
- increased positive emotions
- increased subjective well-being
- stability
- commitment
what are the mental/ cognitive responses to grief?
- disoriented behaviour
- reliving the event
- dreams of the decreased
- social withdrawl
- loss of appetite
what is cultural pre competence?
- individuals/ organizations move toward the positive end of the continuum by acknowledging cultural difference and making documented efforts to take them into considerations
example: making waiting rooms more welcoming with pictures, magazines, and music that reflect the culture is being served
how do we practice being a culturally responsive TR
- focus on practices that support cultural competence
- commit to life long learning about others
what are the levels of validation?
1. being present
2. accurate reflection
3. mind reading
4. understanding
5. acknowledging emotions
6. showing equality
what is capitalization?
the process of informing another person about the occurance of a personal positive event and ther by delivering additional benefit from it
what is grief?
grief is a strong, overwhelming emotion for people, regardless of whether sadness stems from the loss of a loved one or from a terminal illness they or someone they love have received