Learning
Learning that Occurs by pairing a neutral stimulus with one that naturally produces a response.
Classical conditioning
Reinforcement delivered every time a behavior occurs
Continuous reinforcement
This structure controls how much light enters the eye by dilating or constricting
Pupil
This external structure helps collect sound waves and determine the location of sounds
Pinna
This concept refers to maintaining internal balance in the body.
Homeostasis
In operant conditioning, this law states that behaviors followed by desirable outcomes are more likely to be repeated.
Law of Effect
A reinforcement schedule where a behavior must occur a set number of times to receive a reward
Fixed ratio schedule
These two types of photoreceptors in the retina detect light and color
Rods and cones.
Sound waves are measured in this unit when describing pitch.
Hertz (Hz)
This theory states that behavior is motivated by the desire to reduce internal tension.
Drive theory
This type of learning occurs by watching others and imitating their behavior
Observational learning
This schedule reinforces behavior after a varying number of responses and produces high, steady responsing.
Variable ratio schedule
Thalamus
This fluid filled system in the inner ear helps us maintain balance and body position
Vestibular system
Rewards that come from outside sources such as money or trophies are called _____
Extrinsic incentives
These two processes refer to decreased or increased reactions after repeated exposure to stimuli
Habituation and Sensitization
Reinforcement delivered after a fixed amount of time has passed.
Fixed interval schedule
This lobe of the brain contains the primary visual cortex responsible for processing visual information
Occipital lobe
Humans can hear frequencies between these two approximate limits:
20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
This psychologist proposed the hierarchy of needs
Abraham Maslow
This famous experiment demonstrated observational learning using children and an inflatable toy.
Bobo Doll Experiment
This reinforcement schedule is most resistant to extinction.
Variable reinforcement schedule
This process converts sensory stimuli such as light into neural signals the brain can interpret
Transduction
This condition describes the spinning sensation caused by problems in the vestibular system
Vertigo
This theory states that physical sensation results in specific conscious feeling
James-Lange Theory