Metabolism
What are the causes of SIADH?
Defect of hypothalamus, tumors, lung cancer, pulmonary infection, brain trauma
What neurocognitive disorder is associated with Savant's Syndrome?
Autism
What are the medications prescribed for SIADH?
Loop diuretics, hypertonic IV solutions, vasopressin antagonist, Declomycin (off label)
What is the body's main source of energy?
Carbohydrates
What is the normal range of IOP?
10-21
What does an increase in aldosterone cause?
HTN and High Sodium Levels
What can untreated ADHD lead to?
Higher chance of self-harm, higher chance of risky behaviors (drinking and driving), developmental delays, more ER visits
What medications treat Addison's?
Hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone
What foods are high in vitamin A?
Carrots, sweet potatoes, and spinach
Patient education after cataract surgery
Wear sunglasses, avoid activities that increases facial pressure (bending down, blowing nose, etc.), vision should return in 4-6 weeks
When does cortisol peak?
In the morning between 6-8 Am
What is the difference between Delirium and Dementia?
- Delirium: Acute, fast onset, symptoms are due to an underlying cause
- Dementia: Chronic brain disorder that interferes with ADLs. Symptoms can come and go. There is no cure.
What is a Labyrinthectomy?
Surgery to cure vertigo completely, causes total hearing loss in affected ear, hearing canal is completely destroyed.
What are the psychological S/S of anorexia nervosa?
Distorted body image, fear of gaining weight, OCD, anxiety.
What is POAG (primary open angle glaucoma)?
most common form of glaucoma. Blockage in the angle between the iris and sclera, causes a gradual rise in IOP.
What is a thyroid storm?
Excessive hormone release. Exaggerated S/S of hyperthyroidism that appears suddenly.
Hyperthyroidism: HTN, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, hyperglycemia, anxiety, goiter, heat intolerance, weight loss.
How might a patient with late-stage Alzheimer's present?
Lose awareness, lose the ability to walk, struggles swallowing, difficulty communicating.
Major complications of bulimia nervosa?
Cardiac dysrhythmias, esophageal tears, electrolyte imbalances
What is Russell's Sign?
Calloused and bruised knuckles that result from self-induced vomiting.
What education would the RN provide with a patient diagnosed with tinnitus?
Use hearing protection, keep volume low, limit alcohol, limit caffeine, limit nicotine
What labs should be monitored in patients with Cushing's and Addison's?
BG, sodium, potassium
What are the DSM requirements for diagnosing ADHD in children?
Symptoms must be present in at least 2 settings with 6 or more symptoms.
What medications may be prescribed for a patient with ASD?
SGAs & SSRIs
What labs should the RN assess when malnutrition may be a concern?
Medications, chronic illness, GI upset, skin integrity, labs, food allergies, hair texture.
What are the three main symptoms of Meniere's disease and what is the most promising surgery?
Symptoms: vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss
Vestibular Nerve Suction: incision behind the ear, balance nerves are cut to relieve ringing but preserving hearing. 90% of patients have complete relief.