Mitosis
Meiosis
DNA and RNA
Protein synthesis
DNA Replication
100
What is mitosis?
The division of cells and its genetic material.
100
Sperm and Egg cells
Gametes
100
what shape is DNA?
Double helix
100
What is transcription?
The process of making mRNA from DNA in the nucleus
100
Where does DNA replication occur in Eukaryotes?
the Nucleus
200
Number of cells that come out of this
2
200
How many cells AND chromosomes do you get at the end of meiosis?
4 cells with 23 chromosomes in each cell.
200
What did Watson and Crick do?
Created a model of DNA structure
200
What is translation?
The process of using tRNA and mRNA to put together amino acids at the ribosome
200
When does DNA replication happen during the cell cycle?
S phase of interphase
300
What are the type of cells that come from the process of mitosis?
2 identical daughter cells
300
Give 3 difference between Meiosis and Mitosis.
1. Meiosis goes through PMAT twice and Mitosis goes through PMAT one time.
2. Mitosis ends with 2 identical cells and Meiosis ends with 4 cells.
3. Mitosis is axsexual reproduction and Meiosis is sexual reproduction.
300
What are the 4 nitrogen bases of DNA?
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine
300
What is the function of mRNA?
To bring the instructions to make a protein from the nucleus to the ribosome
300
Does DNA replication happen during mitosis?
No, before
400
Name the phases of mitosis.
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
400
what is M1 (Meiosis I) divided into?
prophase 1, anaphase 1, metaphase 1, telophase 1
400
How many strands does RNA have and what does the DNA look like?
1 singular circular piece of DNA
400
What is the function of tRNA?
Molecule that brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation
400
What are the key players (enzymes) in DNA replication?
DNA helicase, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase
500
Label the phases.
a. Telophase
b. Metaphase
C. Prophase
D. Anaphase
500
what is the purpose of meiosis?
to ensure genetic variation
500
What nitrogen base replaces Thymine in RNA?
Uracil
500
What is the structure of ribosomes?
Small subunit with mRNA binding site.
Large subunit with EPA binding sites.
500
Explain the complete process of DNA replication.
DNA helicase unwinds the double helix of DNA by splitting the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases. DNA polymerase lays down the complementary nucleotides bidirectionally creating leading and lagging strands. DNA ligase fuses the okazaki fragments in the lagging strand. Finally, the process ends with 1 original DNA strand and 1 complementary strand.