Flow of blood
what side of the heart has oxygenated blood ?
deoxygenated blood?
OXYGENATED- LEFT
DEOXYGENATED- RIGHT
what is the charge on the inside of cardiac cell and the outside during resting state?
outside -- positive
inside -- negative
what is an antigen?
substances that are capable of initiating an immune response
the innate immune system has what kind of repsonse?
rapid/fast
sensory receptors that measure blood pressure
baroreceptors
What returns oxygenated blood to the heart? and to what part of the heart does it return it to?
pulmonary veins, left atrium
Depolarization leads to ______ = influx of _____
contraction
NA+
what are the two type of immune system defenses
innate defenses and adaptive defenses
How does the innate immune system prevent invaders?
surface barriers
tears, skin, large intestine, saliva,etc
connects heart and lungs
pulmonary circualtion
If the blood is in the right ventricle what does it have to go through to get to the pulmonary veins?
semilunar valve -->pulmonary trunk --> pulmonary arteries --> lungs
What is pumped out of the cell during repolarization? and what is repolarization?
K+
reset cell back to resting or relazed state to prepare for a new action potential
What does a antigen presenting cell do?
show the foreign antigen to other immune cells to actiavte them
4 types of innate immune cells
neutrophils
macrophages
natural killer cells
Dendritic cells
connects heart with the body tissues
systemic circulation
What part of the circulatory system carries blood back to the heart?
superior vena cava and inferior
what causes the electrical impulse to pause before continuing down pathway of heart?
Atrioventricular Node
What cell type hijacks the machinery of the host cell to make copies of its own viral DNA/RNA and proteins?
virus-infected cells
Give me some characteristics of neutrophils
engulf and destory
phagosome fuse to lysosome to kill
FIRST responders from circulation
dead ones --> main compnent of pus
vein that goes to organs instead of back to heart
hepatic portal system
IF im blood in the head where do i have to travel to get to the left ventricle
inferior VC --> right atrium --> AV valve --> right ventricle --> semilunar valve --> pulmonary trunk --> pulmonary arteries --> Lungs --> pulmonary veins --> left atrium
List in order the parts of the heart the signal goes through during conduction
1. SA node
2. AV node
3. bundle of His
4. left and right bundle brnaches
5. purkinge fibers
what are the three types of infections?
bacterial: single celled prokaryotes
viral: non-living consissting of nucelic acids and proteins
parasitic: single celled or multicellular eukaryotes
Characteristics of Natural killer cells
large granular cells
found in circualtion and tissue
kills virus-infected cells and tumor cells
part of innate and adaptive response
cytokines
signaling proteins released by immune cells to communicate woth other cells
cytokines