Ch. 10
Who established the Pennsylvania System?
John Howard
The largest job held in prisons
Correctional Officers
The conditional release of the offender into the community, under the supervision of correctional officials
Probation
An institution authorized to hold pre-trial detainees and sentenced misdemeanants for periods longer than 48 hours
Jail
Police officers who seek out bribes and payoffs (Ch. 5)
"Meat Eaters"
The three "R's" of the penitentiary system
- Reform
- Repent
- Reflect
The three goals of incarceration
- Custodial Model
- Rehabilitation Model
- Reintegration Model
Dissatisfaction with the traditional means of probation supervision, coupled with the crowding and high cost of prisons, has resulted in the development of
Intermediate Sanctions
The Supreme Court case that upheld the authority of officials to search cells and confiscate any materials found
Hudson v. Palmer (1984)
The geographic territory or legal boundaries within which control may be exercised; the range of a court’s authority (Ch. 7)
Jurisdiction
A system where prisoners were held in isolation at night but worked with other prisoners in shops during the day
Congregate System (NY)
The largest challenge that has occurred recently for prisons
Mentally Ill
Boot camps put offenders through a 30-to-90-day physical regimen designed to develop discipline and respect for authority. This is often called
"Shock Incarceration"
A model of a correctional institution that emphasizes maintaining the offender’s ties to family and community as a method of reform
Reintegration Model
Criminal courts with trial jurisdiction over misdemeanor cases and preliminary matters in felony cases (Ch.7)
Trial Courts of Limited Jurisdiction
A model of corrections based on the goal of reintegrating the offender into the community
Community Corrections
The values and norms of the prison social system that define the inmates’ idea of the model prisoner
Inmate Code
Repayment in the form of money or service by an offender to a victim who has suffered some loss from the offense
Inmates who try to take advantage of prison programs to better themselves and improve their prospects for success after release
"Gleaning"
Civilians outside police department review complaints and internal investigations (Ch. 5)
Civilian Review Boards
The organization that oversees the majority of prisons within the United States
Federal Bureau of Prisons
Inmates who view their prison term as a brief, inevitable break in their criminal careers, a cost of doing business
Provide four examples of intermediate sanctions
- Fines - Day Reporting Centers
- Restitution - ISP
- Forfeiture
- Home Confinement
- Community Service
Government seizure of property and other assets derived from or used in criminal activity
Forfeiture
Written statement of fact, supported by oath or affirmation, submitted to judicial officers to fulfill the requirements of probable cause for obtaining a warrant (Ch. 6)
Affidavit