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How many bonds can nitrogen form based on the HONC rule?
3
Which element in the PHONCS rule is most likely to form double bonds?
Oxygen
What does it mean for a molecule to be polar?
It has equal sharing of electrons.
An ion is an atom that has:
A different number of protons and electrons. Also accept the term charge.
Hydrogen bonding occurs between
A hydrogen atom and a nearby polar molecule.
Which functional group contributes to DNA’s acidity?
Phosphate
Which type of bond results from electron transfer?
Ionic
How does the hydroxyl (-OH) group affect molecular solubility? (in water)
Increases solubility in water
What is a major role of the phosphate group when discussing the cell?
Energy transfer in ATP
Hydrolysis involves:
a) Breaking bonds using water
b) Forming bonds by removing water
c) Synthesizing ATP
d) Creating a hydrogen bond
Breaking bonds using water
Structural isomers differ in:
Bonding arrangement
Enantiomers are:
Molecules that are mirror images but not superimposable. Mirror images.
Phospholipids differ from triglycerides because they contain:
A phosphate group
Lipids store more energy than carbohydrates because:
a) They are more water-soluble.
b) They have more oxygen.
c) They contain more bonds.
d) They form stronger bonds.
They contain more bonds
The process of RNA being converted into protein is called ________.
Translation
Cis and trans isomers differ in:
Spatial arrangement around a double bon
Unsaturated fatty acids differ from saturated ones because they contain:
At least one double bond
What is the primary function of carbohydrates?
Energy storage
Which of the following is an example of a steroid?
a) Triglyceride
b) Phospholipid
c) Cholesterol
d) Nucleotide
Cholesterol
Which RNA molecule is responsible for carrying genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome to jumpstart protein production?
mRNA
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a) Prokaryotes have a nucleus.
b) Eukaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles.
c) Prokaryotes have circular DNA, while eukaryotes have linear DNA.
d) Eukaryotic cells only contain ribosomes.
Prokaryotes have circular DNA, while eukaryotes have linear DNA.
Which level of protein structure includes α-helices and β-sheets?
Secondary
What heavily discussed carbohydrate is a structural molecule?
Cellulose
What structure is responsible for making ribosomes?
Nucleolus
What is the sugar found in DNA?
Deoxyribose