Nomenclature and anatomical positions
What does meso mean?
Middle or intermediate
What part of the cell assists with cell movement?
Microtubules and microfilaments
What are the three major functional categories of joints?
Synarthrodial (immobile)
Amphiarthrodial (slightly mobile)
Diarthrodial (freely mobile)
What are the divisions of the brainstem?
Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
Where is cardiac muscle found
Found Only in the heart
What plane of reference passes through the body dividing it into anterior and posterior?
Frontal (aka Coronal)
What are the two main layers of the skin?
Epidermis
Dermis
What are the four types of tissues in the body?
Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous
What are the lobes of the brain
Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital, and Insula
What are the basic types of muscles
Skeletal, cardiac, smooth
What does proto mean?
first
What system counts for 16% of body weight?
Integumentary system
How are joints categorized?
On a functional basis or on an anatomical basis
What is the name, function, and is it afferent, efferent, or both for CN VI
Facial, Both
Sensory: parts of external ear, taste for anterior 2/3rd of tongue
Motor: muscles of facial expression plus stapedius muscle, control of salivatory glands
What are the functions of muscles?
movement, maintain posture, stabilize joints, and generate heat
What does dorsal mean?
Toward the backbone, or away from front of the body
What does skin excrete?
Organic wastes, salts, and water
What type of cartilage is found in the ear, external auditory meatus, epiglottis, and larynx?
Elastic cartilage
What is the resting potential of a cell?
- 70 mV
What do the intrinsic muscle and extrinsic muscle portions do to the tongue?
Intrinsic: change the shape of the tongue
Extrinsic: change portion of the tongue in space
What is the tip of the tongue called?
Apex
What does the skin do?
Protects organs and circulatory system, excretes oils and toxins, maintains temperature, produces melanin and keratin, synthesizes vitamin D, stores lipids, sensation
What are the types of bones, how many of each, and how many bones total?
Long bones - 90 bones
Short bones- 28 bones
Flat bones - 36 bones
Sesamoid bones- 4 bones
Irregular bones- 48 bones206 total bones
What branch of the Circle of Willis provides blood supply to the lateral hemisphere surfaces including the perisylvian speech and language areas
Middle Cerebral Artery MCA
Describe what the process of a reflex is?
1. Sensory stimuli trigger afferent neurons
2. Info travels to spinal cord3. Direct connection to efferent neurons
4. Muscles carry out motor plan -movement happens