Basic Biology
How would you classify a property of life that describes increasing levels of complexity that form when smaller parts combine together in specific ways?
a) Natural Selective Property
b) Chemical Property
c) Emergent Property
d) Evolved Property
c) Emergent Property
A double bond represents the sharing of how many electrons?
4
An R group on a molecule indicates:
a) Carbon
b) Hydrogen
c) Carbon and Hydrogen
d) anything
d) anything
Ester linkages, phosphodiester bonds, glycosidic linkages, and peptide bonds are all formed through ___________ reactions and broken through _____________ reactions.
a) condensation, hydrolysis
b) hydrolysis, dehydration
c) condensation, dehydration
d) hydrolysis, hydrolysis
a) condensation, hydrolysis
The Central Dogma to Biology is _____.
a) DNA -> RNA -> Amino Acid
b) Nucleus -> RNA -> Protein
c) RNA -> DNA -> Carbohydrates
d) DNA -> RNA -> Proteins
d) DNA -> RNA -> Proteins
Which of the following bonds is considered non-polar?
a) C-O
b) C-H
c) C-S
d) C-F
b) C-H
Carbonyl's chemical formula is:
a) CO
b) COO
c) COOH
d)HCO
a) CO
If a DNA sample were composed of 20
% cytosine, what would be the percentage of thymine?
30%
In a phylogeny, a branch point or dichotomy represents what event?
a) Extinction
b) New species
c) Common Ancestor
d) Offshoot
c) Common ancestor
In ammonium chloride salt (NH4Cl) the anion is a single chloride ion, Cl-. What is the cation of NH4Cl?
a) NH4, charge 4+
b) H3, charge 1+
c) N, charge 1+
d) NH4, charge 1+
d) NH4, charge 1+
A Carboxyl group can exist in what two forms?
a) COOH, COOH2
b) COOH, CO
c) COOH, COO-
c) COO-, H+
c) COOH, COO-
A person has an unusually high amount of saturated fatty acids in the phospholipids of their cell membranes. What problems might this cause?
a) Too much membrane fluidity
b) Too little membrane fluidity
c) Membrane would fall apart as saturated fatty acid phospholipids aren't amphipathic
d) It wouldn't cause issues, fluidity would be unaffected
b) Too little membrane fluidity
Which of the domains of life are all unicellular and prokaryotic?
a) Bacteria
b) Archaea
c) Bacteria and Eukarya
d) Bacteria and Archaea
d) Bacteria and Archaea
A single molecule of NH3 contains how many hydrogen bonds?
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
a) 0
The most common non-polar functional group is:
a) Sulfhydryl
b) Amine
c) Phosphate
d) Methyl
d) Methyl
Glycogen is composed of alpha glucose monomers and functions as a short term energy storage molecule in animals. When blood glucose levels are low, glycogen is broken down and released as glucose into the blood. What happens to glycogen stores when blood sugar levels raise?
a) Glycogen is broken down and released as glucose into the blood
b) Glycogen is built up and released into the blood
c) Glycogen is built up and stored in the liver and muscles
d) Glycogen is converted into fat
c) Glycogen is built up and stored in the liver and muscles
When their genomes are compares, Oryza sativa and Populus trichocarpa share 800 genes. Oryza sativa has about 20,000 genes. Populus trichocarpa has about 18,000 genes. What percentage of genes do these plants share?
(800 / 20,000 + 18,000) x 100 = 2.1%
Predict what will happen to the pH of a solution if molecules containing carboxyl groups (COOH) are added to it.
The pH will go down.
NH2- acts as a ______ in a solution with free floating H+ ions, ______ the pH.
a) acid, raising
b) acid, lowering
c) base, raising
d) base, lowering
c) base, raising
Prions are misfolded proteins that have the ability to transmit their misfolded shape onto normal variants of the same protein. If a certain protein becomes a prion when a misplaced disulfide bond, what stage of protein folding would this most likely be in?
a) Primary
b) Secondary
c) Tertiary
d) Quaternary
C) Tertiary