The Scientific Revolution
This institution caused Nicholas Copernicus to wait until the end of his life to publish his findings on the heliocentric theory for fear of punishment.
The Catholic Church
Natural rights, specifically life, liberty, and property, are promoted by this Enlightenment thinker.
John Locke
This architectural style was influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment.
Neoclassism
As a result of the French and Indian war, Britain started to introduce this on colonial goods.
Taxes
This Enlightenment idea was advocated for by Cesare Beccaria.
Fighting against cruel and unjust punishment
The belief that many scientists held that God created the universe and then allowed it to run itself with natural laws.
Deism
The separation of powers, like the United States' branches of government, are promoted by this Enlightenment thinker.
Montesquieu
This term refers to absolute monarchs taking some of the ideas from the Enlightenment and incorporating them into their reign.
Enlightened Despots
Montesquieu's main Enlightenment idea, the separation of powers, is used in this way in the United States government.
Three Branches of Government
This composer's music dominated the scene during the baroque era
Johann Sebastian Bach
This scientist was forced to sign a confession recanting his beliefs, and was put under house arrest for the rest of his life.
Galileo Galilei
This term refers to an agreement between the government and its citizens, saying that in exchange for people limiting their rights, the government will keep law and order.
Social Contract
This term refers to the rise in secularism, or non-religious ideas, and the movement away from a blind belief in the church and government.
Individualism
This was the major weakness of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation.
They could not collect taxes
This American governmental document reflects the ideas of the philosopher Voltaire.
Bill of Rights
This scientist is most closely associated with the creation of analytical geometry.
Rene Descartes
This type of government guaranteed law and order according to Thomas Hobbes.
Absolute Monarchy
This book brought together the Enlightenment ideas in one work, and this, with the creation of the printing press, allowed those ideas to spread to middle class society and beyond.
Diderot's Encyclopedia
These published documents were written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison to explain the new constitution.
The Federalist Pages
This event exposed Europeans to advances in science and mathematics, which eventually led to the Scientific Revolution.
The Crusades
This scientist dissected human bodies to understand how they functioned, moving away from the assumption that human organs were similar to pigs.
Andreas Vesalius
Adam Smith promoted this concept during the Enlightenment because he believed it would generate the most wealth.
Free Trade
This monarch created a council to bring the Enlightenment ideas into their nation, but changed their mind after a peasant revolt and was known as a tyrant by the end of their reign.
Catherine the Great
This term refers to the fact that the United States has a written document that specifies how to run the country and that the government is based on the consent of the people.
Constitutional Republic
These two philosophers had different views on the social contract, one saying that the right to rule comes from the consent of the governed, and the other believing that citizen's rights should be defined and limited.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Thomas Hobbes