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100
How does the greenhouse effect maintain the biosphere’s temperature range?
Gases trap heat inside Earth’s Atmosphere.
100
How is an organism’s niche determined?
An organism’s niche is determined by the physical and biological conditions in its environment and how it uses those conditions.
100
List three characteristics used to describe a population.
Geographic distribution, density, growth rate
100
List three density-independent factors that can limit the growth of a population
Unusual weather, natural disasters, seasonal cycles, human activities
100
List three types of human activities that can affect the biosphere.
Agriculture, industry, urban development
200
What are Earth’s three main climate zones?
Tropical Zone, Polar Zone, Temperate Zone.
200
List three major biomes.
Tropical rain forest, tropical dry forest, tropical savanna, desert, temperate grassland, temperate woodland and scrubland, temperate forest, northwestern coniferous forest, boreal forest, tundra
200
What factors can change a population’s size?
Births, deaths, immigration, emigration
200
What is the relationship between competition and population size?
The more competition, the smaller the population size.
200
Why is biodiversity worth preserving?
It is one of Earth’s greatest natural resources and has provided us with foods, industrial products, and medicines.
300
How do biotic and abiotic factors differ?
Biotic factors are living organisms. Abiotic factors are non living
300
List three characteristics that determine the structure of aquatic ecosystems.
Depth, flow, temperature, chemistry
300
What is the difference between exponential growth and logistic growth?
Exponential growth occurs when the population grows at a constant rate. Exponential growth occurs only under ideal conditions (lots of space and food; protection from predators and disease). Logistic growth occurs when a population’s growth rate slows or stops following a period of exponential growth
300
Describe the general trend of human population growth that ahs occurred over time
The human population grew very slowly for tens of thousands of years. Then, about 500 years ago, the population started to grow exponentially and increased dramatically.
300
List four activities that can threaten biodiversity.
Altering habitats, causing species extinction through hunting, polluting ecosystems, and introducing foreign species to new environments
400
Name three types of community interactions that can affect an ecosystem
Competition, predation, symbiosis, mutualism, commensalism, parasitism
400
What are the two types of freshwater ecosystems?
Standing water and flowing water
400
What is meant by population density?
Number of individuals living in a unit area.
400
What factors explain why populations in different countries grow at different rates?
Birthrates, death rates, and the age structure of a population.
400
What is the current focus of conservation biologists world wide?
To protect entire ecosystems as well as single species.
500
What is the difference between primary succession and secondary succession?
Primary succession occurs on surfaces where no soil exists. Secondary succession occurs when a disturbance of some kind changes an existing community without removing the soil.
500
List two marine zones
Photic zone, aphotic zone, intertidal zone, coastal ocean, open ocean, benthic zone
500
List three density-dependent factors that can limit the growth of a population
Competition, predation, parasitism, disease
500
How are environmental resources classified?
Renewable and nonrenewable
500
What are two type of global change of concern to biologists?
Hole in the ozone layer and global warming.