Growing National
Divisions
Divisions
Sectional tensions increased in 1859 when an abolitionist named ________ led a raid on a federal armory in Harpers Ferry, Virginia, intending to provoke a slave revolt. He and his followers were hanged for treason.
John Brown
This person won the presidential election of 1860 causing many states to secede because of their fear that he would support the abolitionist movement.
Abraham Lincoln
By the end of 1861, about 25,000 Texans served in this army.
The Confederate Army
The capital of the Confederacy.
Richmond, Virginia
The major battles of the war took place east of the Mississippi River. In July 1861 a Union army marched south to capture Richmond. Confederate forces stopped the advance at this battle.
First Battle of Bull Run
Under this _______ argument, state power was greater than federal power.
states’ rights
He was elected president of the confederacy in 1861.
Jefferson Davis
Terry’s Texas Rangers, a cavalry unit organized by this person, fought in battles throughout the Civil War.
B. F. Terry
Because the North had more of these, it could move troops and supplies more easily.
Railroads
This Union general gained the upper hand in April 1862 in the Battle of Shiloh. It was a costly battle for both sides.
Ulysses S. Grant
Beecher Stowe’s 1852 antislavery novel that greatly increased support for the abolition movement
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
This was the name given to the country that was formed when seven states chose to secede from the Union.
The Confederacy
The Confederate attack on this place in April 1861 marked the beginning of the Civil War.
Fort Sumter
The name of the strategy the Confederacy used to withhold cotton shipments to British textile mills, hoping to force Britain to offer help.
Cotton Diplomacy
In late September 1862 General Robert E. Lee’s army clashed with a Union force in Maryland. This battle was an important Union victory.
The Battle of Antietam
This agreement prohibited slavery north of the 36°30' N line.
1820 Missouri Compromise
This means "to formally withdraw".
Secede
Ross’s Texas Brigade that fought in Georgia, Mississippi, and Tennessee was headed by this person.
Lawrence “Sul” Ross
This was used by the Union to cut off southern seaports and prevent the Confederacy from importing war supplies.
Naval Blockade
Grant began the six-week Siege of Vicksburg, supported by a fleet of these ships which were heavily armored with armored plates.
Ironclads
In 1857 the U.S. Supreme Court dealt antislavery forces a blow with this decision. The Court ruled that African Americans were not citizens and therefore could not sue in federal court. The Court also ruled that Congress could not ban slavery in any federal territory.
Dred Scott decision
On this date, Texas became the 7th state to secede from the United States.
March 2, 1861
In February 1861 a force led by this person surrounded the U.S. commander’s headquarters in San Antonio. U.S. Army general David E. Twiggs quickly surrendered all federal property in Texas. Without firing a shot, the Texas militia captured more than $1 million in military supplies.
Ben McCulloch
The Union blockade eventually extended from Virginia to Florida on these two coastlines.
Atlantic/Texas Gulf Coast
The General who led Confederate forces.
Robert E. Lee
This act allowed the Kansas and Nebraska Territories to decide whether to be free or slave states.
Kansas-Nebraska Act
People who wanted to stay in the Union and work out differences over slavery.
Unionists
Hood’s Texas Brigade, under the command of this person, became a lead unit in the Army of Northern Virginia. It fought in some of the most important battles of the war.
John Bell Hood
By the end of 1861, this amount of Texans serving in the Confederate army were in the cavalry.
Two Thirds
Confederate and Union armies battled for control of the Mississippi River valley. Union general Ulysses S. Grant gained the upper hand in April 1862 in this battle. It was a costly battle for both sides.
Battle of Shiloh
A state that was not a free state.
Slave State
Another name for the United States of America.
The Union
Texans usually joined these—which were units of around 1,000 soldiers—from their hometowns or counties. The units took the names of the people who organized them.
Regiment
Another name for a region where the war took place.
Theater
In late June 1863 Lee moved north again and battled Union forces on July 1–3. They suffered heavy losses and retreated on July 4. This battle was a turning point because Lee was on the defensive for the rest of the war.
The Battle of Gettysburg