Section 3
The Indian tribe that emerged in eastern Texas , Arkansas, Louisiana, and Oklahoma more than 1,000 years ago
Caddo
In each Caddo house, an older woman directed the activities of the people in that house. How many people were normally living in the house?
10 to 20
An Indian tribe that lived in between the Caddos and Gulf of Mexico.
Atakapas
Where did the Jumanos live near in villages?
Rio Grande
Who marked the beginning of trouble for the Jumanos as well as bringing diseases that killed many Jumanos?
Spaniards
What is the planting of different crops on a plot of land each year that helps prevent the soil from wearing out?
Crop Rotation
What did the Europeans come to know the Caddos as? This was also the origin name of Texas
Tejas
The Atakapas territory ran from Galveston Island to the Sabine River and into parts of present-day _______________.
Louisiana
Animal skins
Hides
___________had always made life in western and central Texas difficult. The periods of _______ became longer during the 1600s and 1700s
Drought
By the time European explorers arrived in the region, the Caddos were politically organized into three _______________, or loose associations who worked together. These were called the Hasinais, the Kadohadachos, and the Natchitoches Caddos
Confederacies
An Indian tribe west to the Caddo and along the Red river who emerged originally emerged from Kansas and Oklahoma, who then moved into north central Texas in the 1700s
Wichita
What had a terrible effect on the Atakapas which made them die out and very few were left by the 1900s
European diseases
How many people lived in the five Jumano villages near La Junta de los Ríos, north of Big Bend?
10,000
When did a group of Jumanos asked the Spanish for protection against the Apaches?
1680s
Friends who supported one another
Allies
One of the Wichita confederacy groups who lived far south
Waco
A group of American Indians that descended from the Anasazi culture who lived in villages near the Rio Grande
Jumano
How many people normally lived in the Jumano houses?
30 to 40
Who led the group of Jumanos to ask the Spanish for protection against the Apaches?
Juan Sabeata
A society in which women cared for the household and made the important decisions concerning the family.This means families were traced through the mother’s side. Family names also came from the mother, not the father. In addition, when couples married, they lived with the wife’s family.
Matrilineal
Women drew circles around their eyes and lines from their lips to their chins. Men tattooed their eyelids and drew short lines at the corner of each eye. Because of this Wichitas called themselves Kitikiti’sh, or ___________
Raccoon Eyes
Bricks made by drying clay mud in the sun
Adobe
The Jumanos were particularly interested in the __________ the Spanish had brought to the Americas. _________ made travel and buffalo hunting much easier
Horses
Who were the people who lived in the plains to the north who wanted control of Jumano hunting territories and trade?
Apaches