Ranching on the Range
West Texas land was best used for cattle and ranching instead of farming and growing crops. This was due to ________ resources in West Texas.
Water Resources
Buffalo Soldiers were what exactly?
A group of African American men who fought on the Texas frontier by helping settlers who also pushed out the Apache natives.
From 1866 - 1900 the society in Texas was focused mainly around Cattle _______ and fighting away who?
1. Cattle Drives
2. Native Americans
When Governor James Hogg created the Texas Railroad Commission he did this to protect Texans from unfair business practices also known as a ___________.
Monopoly.
Ranchers and cattle drivers faced several problems on the frontier. What was one of the biggest and most dangerous problems these cow handlers faced.
Rustling, also known as the theft and stealing of other's cattle.
The Range Wars came about in Texas when ranchers began doing what to the open frontier?
Fencing off their lands using barbed wire.
After the buffalo had mostly been wiped out many Native Americans were forced into Mexico or onto _____________.
Reservations
Fill in the blank (200pts) each!
__________ companies opened by the frontier by making travel and transportation faster for settlers. Many settlers moved to the frontier due to cheap or free land. These offers were called land ______. The land on these frontier pastures was good for ranching and the soil was rich for _________.
1. Railroad
2. Grants
3. Farming
After the Civil War the ________ industry being booming when Eastern (North Eastern) states began needing and demanding Texas ________.
Cattle / Beef
If people were to start moving to West Texas to begin ranching many what would being to pop up? (100pts)
If these are popping up think politically what would happen to these areas. What politically would be needed? (200pts)
1. Cities, Towns, Communities
2. These towns would need government electives, officials, legislators, judges, law enforcement, etc.
Daily Double
The Kiowas and Apaches were two groups of natives that had some things in common.
Grab your books and tell me what things these groups had in common!
Both groups were buffalo hunters, used tepees, and were known as nomads.
They were NOT Fishermen.
James Hogg helped to establish the ________ _________ __________. (Three Words 100pts for each word).
Texas Railroad Commission
Daily Double!!!
LIST and then DESCRIBE three innovations, inventions, or technologies that changed ranching and the cattle business for Texas.
Railroads - Made transporting cattle cheaper and more efficient when getting animals to market.
Barbed Wire - Shut down and closed off the open frontier eventually preventing cattle drives.
Tractors - Helped to plow fields of hay faster to feed cows at a higher rate.
Refrigerated Box Cars - Kept beef cool and even frozen at longer distances and for longer time periods.
Revolver - Allowed cowboys to protect themselves on the cattle trails.
Explain in detail the events of the 1900 Galveston Hurricane. (200pts)
How did the city of Galveston respond to the disaster? (200pts)
On September 8, 1900 a hurricane hit the city. It killed over 12,000 people and destroyed over 1,000 homes and buildings. It is still the deadliest natural disaster on US soil.
Galveston made modifications to the city to better withstand future storms. They built a large sea wall and pumped in sand to raise the elevation of the city over 17 feet.
Who exactly was Quanah Parker and why is he important to Texas and Native American History?
Quanah Parker survived as a young Native American after being an orphan to a great native chief and a captive Anglo American woman. Quanah worked his way into a leadership position among his tribes and eventually helped move large groups of natives to reservations. He was known as a business person when it came to his assimilation into ranching culture, leasing the native reservation land to Anglo ranchers, acting in early movies, and making deals with the railroads.
Daily Double!!! Good Luck -
Hogg was famous for his dealings with the railroad, but he was also known for being the ________ native Texan to hold the position of state _________.
First / Governor