Sequence
Problem/Solution
P/S or Sequence
Chronological
Signal Words
100

What happened first?

To start a successful garden, the first step is to prepare the soil. Begin by clearing the area of any weeds or debris, and then loosen the soil with a shovel or rake. Next, add compost or fertilizer to enrich the soil with nutrients. Once the soil is ready, plant your seeds or seedlings, making sure to follow the specific planting instructions for each type of plant. After planting, water the garden thoroughly to help the seeds or roots settle in. Finally, continue to water the plants regularly and monitor them for pests or diseases. By following these steps in order, your garden should grow strong and healthy over time.

Prepare the soil

100

What is the problem in this text?

Littering is a big problem because it makes the environment dirty and can harm animals. When people throw trash on the ground instead of in a trash can, it can end up in parks, streets, or rivers, where animals might eat it or get trapped. To solve this problem, many cities are adding more trash cans in public places, and communities are organizing clean-up events. People can also recycle to reduce the amount of trash. By being more careful with our waste, we can help keep the environment clean and safe for everyone.

Littering

100

Is this P/S or Sequence/Chronological?

In many cities, there is a lot of noise from cars, construction, and people talking. This noise can be really loud and annoying, especially if you live near busy streets. Over time, too much noise can cause stress, trouble sleeping, and even hearing problems for some people.

One way to solve this problem is by adding more green spaces, like trees and parks, in busy areas. Trees can help block out some of the noise from the street, making the environment quieter. Another solution is using materials that absorb sound in buildings and streets, such as thicker walls or special pavement. These changes can help reduce noise pollution and make the city a more peaceful place to live.

Problem and Solution


100

What happened on July 20, 1969?

On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first people to walk on the Moon during NASA's Apollo 11 mission. The spacecraft had launched four days earlier, on July 16, from Earth. After landing on the Moon, Armstrong stepped out first, followed by Aldrin, and together they spent about two hours exploring the surface. On July 24, the astronauts returned safely to Earth, completing their historic journey.

Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first people to walk on the Moon during NASA's Apollo 11 mission. 

100

List 2 signal words from this text.


What is the problem in this text?

Littering is a big problem because it makes the environment dirty and can harm animals. When people throw trash on the ground instead of in a trash can, it can end up in parks, streets, or rivers, where animals might eat it or get trapped. To solve this problem, many cities are adding more trash cans in public places, and communities are organizing clean-up events. People can also recycle to reduce the amount of trash. By being more careful with our waste, we can help keep the environment clean and safe for everyone.

problem, to solve

200

What is the second text? 

To start a successful garden, the first step is to prepare the soil. Begin by clearing the area of any weeds or debris, and then loosen the soil with a shovel or rake. Next, add compost or fertilizer to enrich the soil with nutrients. Once the soil is ready, plant your seeds or seedlings, making sure to follow the specific planting instructions for each type of plant. After planting, water the garden thoroughly to help the seeds or roots settle in. Finally, continue to water the plants regularly and monitor them for pests or diseases. By following these steps in order, your garden should grow strong and healthy over time.

add compost or fertilizer

200

What is the solution in this text?

Littering is a big problem because it makes the environment dirty and can harm animals. When people throw trash on the ground instead of in a trash can, it can end up in parks, streets, or rivers, where animals might eat it or get trapped. To solve this problem, many cities are adding more trash cans in public places, and communities are organizing clean-up events. People can also recycle to reduce the amount of trash. By being more careful with our waste, we can help keep the environment clean and safe for everyone.

Adding more trash cans, clean-up events, recycling, being more careful with our waste. 

200

Is this P/S or sequence/chronological?

In the morning, Sarah decided to go for a walk in the park. First, she put on her sneakers and grabbed a water bottle. Then, she stepped outside and felt the cool breeze against her face. As she walked along the path, she noticed the flowers blooming and the birds flying overhead. After a while, she sat on a bench to rest, enjoying the quiet of the park. Finally, when she finished her walk, Sarah returned home, feeling refreshed and ready for the day ahead.

Sequence

200

What happened on July 16?

On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first people to walk on the Moon during NASA's Apollo 11 mission. The spacecraft had launched four days earlier, on July 16, from Earth. After landing on the Moon, Armstrong stepped out first, followed by Aldrin, and together they spent about two hours exploring the surface. On July 24, the astronauts returned safely to Earth, completing their historic journey.

The spacecraft launched.

200

List 2 signal words from this text. 

Traffic jams are a big problem in many cities. When too many cars are on the road at the same time, it causes long delays, making people late for work or school. Traffic jams also pollute the air, which is bad for our health.

To solve this problem, some cities are building better public transportation, like buses and trains, so fewer people need to drive. Other cities are adding bike lanes to make it easier for people to ride bikes instead of using cars. Some people are even carpooling, or sharing rides with others, to reduce the number of cars on the road. These solutions help make traffic better and the air cleaner.

problem, solve, solutions

300

What was the final thing to happen in the text? 

To start a successful garden, the first step is to prepare the soil. Begin by clearing the area of any weeds or debris, and then loosen the soil with a shovel or rake. Next, add compost or fertilizer to enrich the soil with nutrients. Once the soil is ready, plant your seeds or seedlings, making sure to follow the specific planting instructions for each type of plant. After planting, water the garden thoroughly to help the seeds or roots settle in. Finally, continue to water the plants regularly and monitor them for pests or diseases. By following these steps in order, your garden should grow strong and healthy over time.

water the plants regularly and monitor them for pests or diseases. 

300

What is the problem in this text?

Traffic jams are a big problem in many cities. When too many cars are on the road at the same time, it causes long delays, making people late for work or school. Traffic jams also pollute the air, which is bad for our health.

To solve this problem, some cities are building better public transportation, like buses and trains, so fewer people need to drive. Other cities are adding bike lanes to make it easier for people to ride bikes instead of using cars. Some people are even carpooling, or sharing rides with others, to reduce the number of cars on the road. These solutions help make traffic better and the air cleaner.

Traffic jams

300

Is it P/S or Sequence/Chronological? 

Many communities around the world struggle with plastic waste, which clutters streets, harms wildlife, and pollutes oceans. One effective approach to tackling this issue is through reducing plastic usage at the source. Instead of relying on single-use plastics, some cities have introduced bans on plastic bags and straws, while encouraging people to use reusable alternatives. Additionally, businesses are being urged to adopt more sustainable practices, like switching to biodegradable packaging. Although these changes can be difficult, they have proven to make a significant difference in reducing waste and protecting the environment. As more people and organizations take these steps, the hope is that plastic pollution will decrease, leading to cleaner streets, safer wildlife, and healthier ecosystems.

Problem and Solution

300

What happened in July 24?

On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first people to walk on the Moon during NASA's Apollo 11 mission. The spacecraft had launched four days earlier, on July 16, from Earth. After landing on the Moon, Armstrong stepped out first, followed by Aldrin, and together they spent about two hours exploring the surface. On July 24, the astronauts returned safely to Earth, completing their historic journey.

The astronauts returned safely to Earth. 

300

List 2 signal word from this passage.

First, the sun rose over the mountains, casting a warm golden light across the valley. Then, birds began to sing, filling the air with soft melodies. As the morning went on, the dew on the grass slowly evaporated, and soon, the cool breeze turned into a gentle wind. Later, by mid-morning, people in the village started their daily routines—some heading to the market, while others tended to their gardens. Finally, as the day passed, the heat of the sun grew stronger, and by afternoon, the sky was clear and blue, with only a few clouds drifting by.

first, then, soon, later, finally
400

What happened first?

First, the sun rose over the mountains, casting a warm golden light across the valley. Then, birds began to sing, filling the air with soft melodies. As the morning went on, the dew on the grass slowly evaporated, and soon, the cool breeze turned into a gentle wind. Later, by mid-morning, people in the village started their daily routines—some heading to the market, while others tended to their gardens. Finally, as the day passed, the heat of the sun grew stronger, and by afternoon, the sky was clear and blue, with only a few clouds drifting by.

The sun rose over the mountains, casting a warm golden light across the valley. 

400

What is the solution in this text? 

Traffic jams are a big problem in many cities. When too many cars are on the road at the same time, it causes long delays, making people late for work or school. Traffic jams also pollute the air, which is bad for our health.

To solve this problem, some cities are building better public transportation, like buses and trains, so fewer people need to drive. Other cities are adding bike lanes to make it easier for people to ride bikes instead of using cars. Some people are even carpooling, or sharing rides with others, to reduce the number of cars on the road. These solutions help make traffic better and the air cleaner.

Build better public transportation, add bike lanes, and carpool! 

400

Is this P/S or sequence/chronological

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The boycott began the next day, as African Americans in the city refused to ride the buses in protest of segregation. Over the following months, the protest grew, gaining national attention. Finally, on November 13, 1956, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that bus segregation was unconstitutional, ending the boycott and marking a major victory in the Civil Rights Movement.

Chronological


400

What happened in 1955?

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The boycott began the next day, as African Americans in the city refused to ride the buses in protest of segregation. Over the following months, the protest grew, gaining national attention. Finally, on November 13, 1956, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that bus segregation was unconstitutional, ending the boycott and marking a major victory in the Civil Rights Movement.

Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott. 

400

List 2 signal words from the text. 

To start a successful garden, the first step is to prepare the soil. Begin by clearing the area of any weeds or debris, and then loosen the soil with a shovel or rake. Next, add compost or fertilizer to enrich the soil with nutrients. Once the soil is ready, plant your seeds or seedlings, making sure to follow the specific planting instructions for each type of plant. After planting, water the garden thoroughly to help the seeds or roots settle in. Finally, continue to water the plants regularly and monitor them for pests or diseases. By following these steps in order, your garden should grow strong and healthy over time.

To start, the first step, begin, then, after, finally, steps

500

What happened second? 

First, the sun rose over the mountains, casting a warm golden light across the valley. Then, birds began to sing, filling the air with soft melodies. As the morning went on, the dew on the grass slowly evaporated, and soon, the cool breeze turned into a gentle wind. Later, by mid-morning, people in the village started their daily routines—some heading to the market, while others tended to their gardens. Finally, as the day passed, the heat of the sun grew stronger, and by afternoon, the sky was clear and blue, with only a few clouds drifting by.

birds began to sing, filling the air with soft melodies

500

What is the problem in this text?

In many cities, summer temperatures are rising, making hot days feel even hotter. Streets and buildings trap heat, creating "urban heat islands." This can make neighborhoods uncomfortable, especially for people who don't have access to air conditioning. The heat also affects air quality, which can make it harder for people to breathe, especially those with asthma or other health problems.

One way to tackle this issue is by adding more green spaces, like parks and gardens, in the city. Plants and trees help cool the air and provide shade, making the environment more comfortable. Another solution is to paint rooftops and streets lighter colors, which reflect heat instead of absorbing it. These changes can help cool down the city and improve the quality of life for everyone, even on the hottest days.

Rising Summer Temperatures


500

Is this a P/S or sequence/chronological?

The process of photosynthesis begins when plants take in sunlight through their leaves. This sunlight provides the energy needed to turn carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil into glucose, a form of sugar that plants use for food. Once the plant has produced glucose, it releases oxygen as a byproduct into the air. Over time, the plant continues this cycle, using sunlight to create energy and supporting life on Earth by providing oxygen for animals and humans. This process is essential for the survival of most living things on the planet.

Sequence

500

What happened in 1956?

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The boycott began the next day, as African Americans in the city refused to ride the buses in protest of segregation. Over the following months, the protest grew, gaining national attention. Finally, on November 13, 1956, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that bus segregation was unconstitutional, ending the boycott and marking a major victory in the Civil Rights Movement.

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that bus segregation was unconstitutional, ending the boycott and marking a major victory in the Civil Rights Movement.

500

List 1 signal words from the text. 

In many cities, summer temperatures are rising, making hot days feel even hotter. Streets and buildings trap heat, creating "urban heat islands." This can make neighborhoods uncomfortable, especially for people who don't have access to air conditioning. The heat also affects air quality, which can make it harder for people to breathe, especially those with asthma or other health problems.

One way to tackle this issue is by adding more green spaces, like parks and gardens, in the city. Plants and trees help cool the air and provide shade, making the environment more comfortable. Another solution is to paint rooftops and streets lighter colors, which reflect heat instead of absorbing it. These changes can help cool down the city and improve the quality of life for everyone, even on the hottest days.

issue