PARTS OF SPEECH
CIBOLA'S PART OF SPEECH.
WHAT IS A NOUN.
This noun refers to a mapmaker who, in the 1500s, created hand-drawn maps based on explorers’ reports—even when much of the information was only a guess.
What is a cartographer?
This field of exploration involved creating maps—often hand-drawn from explorers’ reports—to guide ships across unknown seas.
What is cartography?
This small Spanish coin from the 1500s often appeared in payments and journals, even though it wasn’t worth very much.
What are maravedis?
This ancient Mesoamerican civilization is known for creating colossal stone head sculptures and is considered a “mother culture.”
Who were the Olmec?
THE ONLY PROPER NOUN.
WHO IS MONTEZUMA.
The emperor of the Aztec Empire when the Spanish first arrived in Tenochtitlán.
Who is Montezuma?
These navigation tools showed wind directions on maps so sailors could choose routes with helpful winds and avoid dangerous ones.
What are windroses?
These gold coins, used across Spain and Europe, were valuable enough to pay crews or fund major purchases.
What are ducats?
The Mexican state where the Fortress of San Juan de Ulúa is.
What is Veracruz?
A NOUN FOR PROMISING LOYALTY, USUALLY TO A KING, LORD, OR LEADER.
WHAT IS FEALTY.
This word describes a professional writer or record-keeper who copied important documents and kept logs—essentially the human version of a printer.
What is a scrivener?
This essential vessel of ocean travel was a large sailing ship that transported soldiers, treasure, supplies, and horses across the Atlantic.
What is a galleon?
This legendary place was said to contain the Seven Cities of Gold, inspiring Spanish explorers to search the northern lands for treasure.
What is Cibola?
This skill allowed explorers to plan and control the course of a ship across open water.
What is navigation?
PART OF SPEECH FOR A LEGENDARY CITY, AKA, THE SEVEN CITIES OF GOLD.
WHAT IS CIBOLA
The people (civilization) known for its complex calendar, advanced writing system, and impressive cities like Chichén Itzá.
What are the Maya?
This reliable point in the night sky helped sailors determine their direction and latitude, guiding ships north and south during long ocean voyages
What is the North Star?
This noun describes the serious danger or risk explorers faced while chasing wealth—whether from storms, disease, or conflict.
What is peril?
This massive Mesoamerican city, conquered by Hernán Cortés in 1521, was the capital of the Aztec Empire and one of the most advanced cities of its time.
What is Tenochtitlán?
NOUNS FOR (1) A PROFESSIONAL WRITER AND (2) A MAPMAKER.
WHAT ARE A SCIVENER AND A CARTOGRAPHER.
These people led the long campaign known as the Reconquista, pushing Muslim powers out of the Iberian Peninsula.
What are Christians?
This early navigation device used a magnetic needle to show direction, giving explorers a more accurate way to steer their ships across open water.
What is the compass?
Spanish explorers risked peril and spent ducats and maravedis while chasing this mythical empire of gold in hopes of striking it rich.
What is Cibola?
The infamous fortress (prison) off the coast of Veracruz made of coral and constructed by slaves.
What is the Fortress San Juan de Ulúa?