Conflict in the Colonies
Why did Great Britain raise taxes?
To pay the debt accumulated from the French and Indian war.
Who was a patriot and who was loyalist?
Patriot: Person who wanted independence from England
Loyalist: People who stayed loyal to the British crown
What book did Thomas Paine write?
Common Sense
Who was Marquis de Lafayette
He financially supported the continental army.
He provided a small army unit to fight in the war.
he was a skilled commander, even though he had never fought in a battle before.
What is guerilla warfare?
Fast hit and run attacks
What did the Stamp Act place taxes on?
It imposed a tax on all papers and official documents in the American colonies
What did the First Continental Congress do?
Concluded that colonists continue to boycott British Goods.
Did NOT seek separation from Britain
Prepare the militia for war.
Drafted the Declaration of Rights
What did Thomas Paine encourage people to do?
Declare independence from Britain. He persuaded people to support the separation from England.
Who is Baron Freidrich von Steuben and what were his contributions to the war?
He was a Prussian and later an American military officer.
He trained the Continental Army to make them a strong military power
What was the Native American role in the Declaration of Independence and Treaty of Paris?
They were not considered in the declaration or the Treaty. Many moved to Canada or were forced into reservations in New York
What is one effect of the laws in the Townshend Acts?
• Boston Harbor was closed.
• Massachusetts's charter was canceled.
• Royal officials accused of crimes would be sent to Great Britain for trial.
• The new Quartering Act required colonists to house British soldiers.
• The Quebec Act gave land to the colony of Quebec.
• General Thomas Gage was made the new governor of Massachusetts.
What is the significance of the "shot heard around the world"?
It began the battles of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775, which began the American Revolutionary War and led to the creation of the United States of America.
What is a Hessian?
A skilled soldier. They fought in wars for Money not for a cause. They were hired by the British.
How did the colonists defeat the Hessians in New Jersey?
They snuck up on them during a Christmas night while they were all sleeping.
What is one thing the Treaty of Paris declared?
Great Britain recognized independence of the United States
It set new borders for America
Accepted the right to settle and trade west of the original 13 colonies
What does "no taxation without representation" mean?
It means that colonists could not be taxed without a parliament representative for the colonies.
What was the Second Continental Congress responsible for?
A convention of delegates from the 13 colonies.
Sent olive branch petition
What was the role of an African American during the war?
British: They fought alongside the British Army in order to receive their freedom in return
Colonies: They were not allowed to fight in the war, but they continued to run the plantations and other sorts of jobs while white men were off at war. They were later allowed to fight in the war if they had "free" status
What happened in Canada during the Revolutionary War?
At the start, rebel forces invaded Canada, occupying Montreal and attacking Quebec but failed to conquer Quebec
What did Spain gain from the treaty?
They got Florida back from Britain
What was the cause and effect of the Boston Tea Party?
Cause: The British passed the Tea Act (EITC can sell to colonies). Smugglers and local business owners feared they would lose their business
Effect: Created financial problems for the East India Tea Company
The British imposed the Intolerable Acts
What was the cause and effect of the Battle of Lexington and Concord?
The Battles of Lexington and Concord on 19 April 1775, the famous 'shot heard 'round the world', marked the start of the Revolutionary war. Extremely disastrous for the British, it persuaded many Americans to fight and support the cause of independence.
What is the importance of the Declaration of Independence?
It was the official document that declared independence from Britain. It also stated the clauses for the new constitution.
Declared all men equal.
What is the effect of the Battle of Saratoga?
Effect: It gave the Patriots a major morale boost and persuaded the French, Spanish and Dutch to join their cause against a mutual rival.
What was the cause and effect of the battle of Yorktown?
Cause: Cornwallis was in Yorktown because he had been ordered by Clinton during the summer to provide a protected harbor for the British fleet in the lower Chesapeake Bay.
Effect: Virginia marked the conclusion of the last major battle of the American Revolution and the start of a new nation's independence