Organization
This part of the introduction previews the main points of the speech.
What is the preview statement?
The four methods of delivery.
What are manuscript, memorized, impromptu, and extemporaneous?
The three rhetorical appeals.
What are ethos, pathos, and logos?
Presenting someone else’s ideas as your own.
What is plagiarism?
Analyzing demographics, attitudes, and beliefs before speaking.
What is audience analysis?
This organizational pattern follows: Attention, Need, Satisfaction, Visualization, Action.
What is Monroe’s Motivated Sequence?
Speaking from a keyword outline without memorizing every word.
What is extemporaneous speaking?
Appealing to the audience’s emotions.
What is pathos?
Stating the author, source, and date during your speech.
What is an oral citation?
Using vivid words that appeal to the senses.
What is imagery?
This pattern compares two things throughout each main point.
What is comparative order?
The use of pitch, rate, volume, and tone in a speech.
What is vocal variety?
Establishing your credibility as a speaker.
What is ethos?
A source that presents original research.
What is a primary source?
Repeating initial consonant sounds for effect.
What is alliteration?
A sentence that shows the relationship between two ideas and moves the audience from one point to the next.
What is a transition?
Excessive use of words like “um,” “like,” and “so.”
What are filler words?
When a speaker asks the audience to do something specific at the end of a speech.
What is a call to action?
A source that summarizes or analyzes primary information.
What is a secondary source?
This principle states that speakers must adjust their message based on audience knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs.
What is audience-centeredness?
This part of the conclusion reinforces the central idea of the speech and often restates the thesis in a memorable way.
What is the summary statement?
This type of nonverbal communication includes posture, gestures, and facial expressions.
What is body language?
A logical fallacy that attacks the person instead of the argument.
What is ad hominem?
A speaker who presents only evidence that supports their viewpoint while ignoring opposing evidence is committing this ethical mistake.
What is suppression of evidence?
When a speaker says, “Some people are just lazy and don’t want to work,” they are using this type of language that can damage credibility and alienate the audience.
What is biased language?