Concepts A
updraft
What is the upward vertical movement of air?
the atmosphere's weather layer
What is the troposphere?
downdraft
What is the downward vertical movement of air?
the horizontal movement of air
What is wind?
water vapor
What is the gaseous form of water?
stratosphere
What is the second layer of the atmosphere, immediately above the troposphere?
the horizontal movement of air
What is wind?
anti-cyclones
What are circulating winds around a high, rotating due to the Coriolis effect?
Monsoon effect
What is the effect that causes dry wind to blow toward the seas from inland during winter?
What is the effect that causes moisture winds to blow from the seas to the land bringing rainy season during summer?
cyclone
What are circulating winds around a low, rotating due to the Coriolis effect?
atmosphere
What is a blanket of gases that surrounds our planet to protect and support life?
What is water vapor?
adiabatic cooling
What is the process in which the temperature of a gas drops as the gas expands with no heat added?
How does the ozone layer demonstrate God's provision?
Acting as a "shield", protecting earth's surface from the dangerous effects of sun's radiation?
adiabatic heating
What is the process in which the temperature of a gas rises as the gas is compressed with no heat lost?
convection current
What are currents set into motion by the process of convection?
the strong, narrow winds in the upper troposphere
What are jet streams?
Rossby waves
What are upper troposphere waves that are associated with the polar jet stream and play a large role in the formation of cyclones and anticyclones?
Explain the 3 methods of heat transfer.
Conduction - transfer of heat through direct contact between two objects?
Convection - heat transfer by moving currents of hot air?
Radiation - transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves?
Santa Ana
What is a very dry and often dusty wind that blows in Southern California?
Van Allen radiation belts
What are regions of the magnetosphere where solar wind particles remain trapped?
the five layers of the atmosphere
What are troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere?
albedo
What is the ratio of solar radiation reflected by an object to the solar radiation that strikes it?
Explain how different factors affect insolation.
Cloud coverage - reduces amount of insolation.
Longer daytime, greater the insolation.
Angle of tilt can increase or decrease sun rays spread
Distance of the earth from the sun can increase/decrease the amount of insolation.
energy budget
What is the amount of energy available to heat the Earth's land, water, and air?