Fungi
Parasites
Viruses
Non-Infectious
Neuromuscular Disorders
100
How do aspergillus and histoplasma enter into the host?
Via the Respiratory Tract
100
Fleas are a common vector for what parasite?
Dipylidium caninum
100
Crusts are a sign of what kind of inflammatory response?
Acute inflammation
100
What can chronic UV radiation exposure cause?
neoplasia
100
A dog escaped from the house and is now paralyzed. They dog is showing signs of muscle atrophy and appears still to be able to feel pain/touch. Contact with what animals saliva could cause these symptoms and what kind or neuromuscular disorder is this?
Racoon
muscular neuropathy
200
For subcutaneous mycoses what kind of inflammation/cells are predominant.
Pyo/granulomatous inflammation
Neutrophils, Macrophages and Multinucleated Giant Cells
200
Psoroptes cuniculi are common in what species?
Rabbits
200
What virus establishes latency in sensory ganglia and what causes reactivation?
Herpesvirus
Stress or immunosuppression
200
What type of hypersensitivity does not cause a dermatological response?
Type 2
200
What do Hypalgesia, Hypesthsia and Paresthsia lead to?
Self-mutilation
300
Failure of what kind of immunity leads to chronic or disseminated mycoses?
Cell-mediated immunity: Neutrophils, Macrophages and T-Helper cells (Th17-neutrophils and Th1-macrophages)
300
Sarcoptic mange and Demodicosis cause what type of hypersensitivity reaction?
Type IV delayed hypersensitivity
300
An owner is very worried about the warts she has noticed around her dogs face. She is worried about them spreading or affecting his health in some way. What can you tell her?
The warts caused by the papillomavirus are usually benign and cosmetic.
300
What are the 2 most common skin indications of an endocrine or metabolic disorder?
Lack or inflammation
Symmetrical
300
A dog presents with injuries to their left front paw that seem to be self inflicted. On exam you find decreased reflexes in that limb but no muscle atrophy. What do you suspect?
A sensory neuropathy
400
A dog that has a history of steroid use for allergies presents to the clinic with alopecia, erythema, scaling, and lichenification between its toes and in its ears. What fungi is at the top oof your differential list?
Malassezia pachydermatis
400
A young dog presents with alopecia, scaling, erythema, thickening on their muzzle and face with intense itching. What diagnotic test should you do?
Deep skin scrape or trichogram
400
What viruse causes of dysregulation of keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation leading to their chronic stimulation?
Papillomaviruses
400
An owner brings in a fawn-colored French bulldog around 7 months old with dark raised spots and crusting over its skin. What condition are you most suspicious of?
Color Dilution Alopecia
400
Which neuromuscular disorder presents with intact postural reactions and reflexes?
Myopathic Syndrome
500
What type of fungi causes necrotizing subcutaneous nodules with ulceration to the distal extremities and ventrum of animals with a history of swimming?
Pythium insidiosum
500
What are indicated by the arrow and what protozoa infection are they found in?
Amastigotes: intrahistocytic (within macrophages/dendritic cells)
Leishmania
500
Cytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies, epidermal necrosis and crusts are causes by?
Poxviruses
500
A farmer calls about his cows that arent acting right. On exam you notice ischemic necrosis of their ears, tails and teats. What do you want to ask the farmer about?
Diet due to suspicion of ergot alkaloids.
500
A dog presents to your clinic for weakness. The owners say it used to be after excersie but its now happening all the time and he now has trouble breathing and difficulty swallowing. How would you explain to the owners what you suspect is going on?
The muscle cells are having a harder time sending signals to each other making it more difficult for them to move and work properly over time.