Muscular System
What do muscles do in our body?
They help us move by pulling on our bones.
How does oxygen get from the lungs into the blood?
It passes through the thin walls of the alveoli into capillaries.
What is the job of the skeleton in our body?
To support the body, help us move, and protect organs.
What is the main job of the small intestine compared to the large intestine?
The small intestine absorbs nutrients; the large intestine absorbs water and removes waste.
What are the four chambers of the heart called?
Left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle.
Can you name a muscle you use when walking?
The calf muscle or thigh muscles.
What are alveoli, and why are they important?
Tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood.
How many bones are in an adult human body (roughly)?
206 bones.
What role does the liver play in digestion?
It produces bile to help break down fats.
Describe the job of the arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Arteries carry blood away from the heart, veins bring it back, and capillaries exchange gases and nutrients with cells.
What type of muscle is your heart made of?
Cardiac muscle.
Why does your breathing rate increase during exercise?
To bring in more oxygen and remove carbon dioxide faster because your muscles are working harder.
Which part of the skeleton protects the brain?
The skull.
Describe what happens to food in the stomach.
It is mixed with stomach acid and enzymes that break it down into a liquid form.
Why do we breathe faster when we run?
Because our body needs more oxygen when we are active.
Why do muscles need bones to help us move?
Because muscles pull on bones to create movement.
Explain the role of the diaphragm in breathing.
The diaphragm contracts to pull air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out.
What connects bones together at a joint?
Ligaments.
What is peristalsis?
The wave-like muscle movement that pushes food through the digestive system.
What gas do we breathe out?
Carbon dioxide.
What happens to your muscles when you exercise regularly?
They become stronger and work better.
What is the correct pathway air takes to get to the lungs?
Nose/mouth → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → alveoli.
What would happen if we didn’t have a skeleton?
We would not be able to stand or move properly.
Why is fibre important for digestion?
It helps food move smoothly through the intestines and prevents constipation.
What gas do we breathe in that our body needs?
Oxygen.