pain
describe pain
relieved with analgesics
part of healing process
protective signal
which part of the brain controls cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory center
which neurotransmitters are out of balance in parkinsons
acetylcholine and dopamine
what are the common drug therapies for depression
TCAs and SSRIs
which drugs are addictive/have dependency risk
opioids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines
side effects of opioids
constipation, euphoria, drowsiness, pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression, hypotension, vomitting
which part of the brain controls equilibrium and bodily coordination
cerebellum
which neurotransmitter would cause symptoms of cogwheel rigidity and shuffling gait?
would it be increased or decreased?
how do TCAs work?
inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine into nerve terminals
What is the most important assessment before opioid administration?
respiratory rate
what is the opioid antagonist of choice
naloxone/Narcan
what does the cerebrum control?
abstract thought and problem solving
what are the side effects of anticholingeric therapy?
blurred vision, urinary retention, dry mouth
What should patients avoid when taking MAO inhibitors
foods high in tyramine
which inhibitory NT depresses brain activity, inhibits neuronal excitability, and promotes sleep
GABA
most important question to ask patient when choosing their analgesic
severity of pain
what are the inhibitory neurotransmitters
dopamine, GABA
symptoms of Parkinson's disease
bradykinesia, resting tremors, muscle rigidity, shuffling gait
What patient teaching is important when patient is prescribed Lithium
patient must get blood tests to check for lithium concentration level regularly
what are Hydantoins used to treat and what are the side effects
are used to treat seizure disorders. decrease Na+ levels within nerve cells, may cause dizziness and gingival hyperplasia, may have little sedation effects
What are NSAIDs NOT used for
nausea and vomiting
which neurotransmitter would be low in depressive disorders
norepinephrine, serotonin
what is the goal of drug therapy in parkinsons?
increase levels of dopamine and decrease levels of acetylcholine
what are the side effects of sedative- hypnotics
uncoordinated movement, amnesia, lethargy
decreasing the severity of seizures, treating seizures, mental health conditions, migraines, and neuromuscular injury, decreasing the occurrence of seizures, inhibiting neuronal excitability and rapid firing action potentials