Neurons
This part of the neuron takes messages from the soma and sends them to other neurons.
What is the axon?
These are the two main subdivisions of the nervous system.
What are the central and peripheral nervous systems?
This lobe contains the auditory cortex, allowing us to perceive sounds.
What is the temporal lobe?
This brain structures controls our balance and coordination of our movement.
What is the cerebellum?
What is vision or seeing?
These neuron structures, which resemble tree branches, receive incoming messages and send them to the soma.
What are dendrites?
The central nervous system consists of these two parts of the body.
What are the brain and spinal cord?
Forming new memories is the main function of this brain structure. Clive Wearing's was damaged.
What is the hippocampus?
When this structure is activated, we feel fear.
What is the amygdala?
What is the left hemisphere?
The end of the axon, where the synaptic vesicles hold neurotransmitters, is called this.
What is the axon terminal?
After a stressful experience, this part of our nervous system helps us "rest and digest."
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
What is the reticular formation?
This part of our brain acts as a "sensory switchboard," sending incoming visual, auditory, touch, and taste sensations to the cerebral cortex.
What is the thalamus?
These clusters of neurons in our visual cortex each process different aspects of what we are seeing. Gisela Leipold's motion ones were damaged by her stroke.
What are feature detectors?
The neuron's cell body is also called this.
This part of our autonomic nervous system is activated when we are stressed. Our heart rate and breathing increase our pupils dilate, getting us ready for fight or flight.
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
This brain structure connects the two hemispheres, allowing one side of the brain to communicate with the other. It is severed in split brain patients.
What is the corpus callosum?
This area allows us to understand what other people are saying to us and allows us to say things that other people can understand. If it's damaged, we may have aphasia and speak in gibberish.
What is Wernicke's area?
Someone who suffers brain injury may be able to regain some of the functions they lost due to their injury. For example, Gabby Giffords regained her speech and movement after being shot. This ability for our brain to adjust and recover functions is called this.
What is plasticity or neuroplasticity?
This builds up around axons and helps make messages send more quickly down the axon. When we practice things repeatedly, we build up more of this.
What is the myelin sheath?
This part of our nervous system controls our voluntary movements, such as walking, writing notes, or kicking a soccer ball.
What is the somatic nervous system?
This region of the brain contains structures such the hippocampus and the amygdala.
What is the limbic system?
Phantom limb syndrome and the figure called "homunculus" are both associated with which cortex area?
What is the somatosensory cortex?
This condition causes people to experience a "blending of their senses." For example, some see letters and numbers as specific colors, others taste sounds, and others see colors when they hear different music notes.
What is synesthesia?