Brain Anatomy Basics
This lobe is responsible for planning, decision‑making, and executive control.
What is the frontal lobe
This almond‑shaped structure processes fear and threat.
What is the amygdala
This gland is known as the “master gland” of the endocrine system.
What is the pituitary gland
This system helps initiate movement and is implicated in Parkinson’s disease.
What is the basal ganglia
This structure controls breathing and heart rate.
What is the medulla
This lobe processes visual information.
What is the occipital lobe
This structure consolidates long‑term memories.
What is the hippocampus
This structure regulates hunger, thirst, and body temperature.
What is the hypothalamus
This neurotransmitter is deficient in Parkinson’s disease.
What is dopamine
This part of the brainstem regulates sleep and arousal.
What is the pons
This structure connects the two hemispheres of the brain.
What is the corpus callosum
This system includes the amygdala and hippocampus and is involved in emotion and motivation.
What is the limbic system
This gland releases melatonin and regulates circadian rhythms.
What is the pineal gland
This brain structure refines motor commands and helps with procedural learning.
What is the cerebellum
This structure filters incoming stimuli and helps regulate alertness.
What is the reticular formation
This “little brain” coordinates balance and fine motor movement.
What is the cerebellum
Damage to this structure often results in anterograde amnesia.
What is the hippocampus
This part of the hypothalamus triggers the release of stress hormones.
What is the HPA axis
This pathway carries motor signals from the brain to the spinal cord.
What is the corticospinal tract
This nerve bundle connects the brain to the rest of the body.
What is the spinal cord
This structure sits atop the brainstem and relays sensory information to the cortex.
What is the thalamus
This region helps regulate emotional responses by inhibiting the amygdala.
What is the prefrontal cortex
This hormone, released by the pituitary, is associated with bonding and social attachment.
What is oxytocin
This structure in the midbrain is a major dopamine producer.
What is the substantia nigra
This structure coordinates automatic survival functions and is the oldest part of the brain.
What is the brainstem