Terms
A member of Congress who votes based on their own judgment rather than voters’ wishes is called a _____.
a trustee
A senator votes for a bill even though most people in their state oppose it, because they believe it is best for the country.
What is acting as a trustee?
Which branch of government creates laws?
What is the Legislative Branch?
Judicial restraint supports the idea that courts should defer to which branch(es)?
The elected branches (Congress and the President)
When the President serves as the ceremonial head of the country, which role is being performed?
Cheif of State
A representative who votes the way their constituents want is known as a _____.
A delegate
A lawmaker supports one bill based on research, another based on public opinion, and another based on party loyalty.
What is acting as a politico?
What principle allows the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional?
What is judicial review?
Judicial activism often argues the Constitution should be interpreted using what perspective?
Modern values or social needs
What is one of the “Presidential Powers To” related to the justice system?
Power to pardon
A lawmaker who follows the party line when voting is called a _____.
A partisan
A state government draws district boundaries so that a party with 45% of the votes wins 60% of the seats.
What is gerrymandering?
The President’s authority comes from which document?
The Constitution
Name one Supreme Court case that significantly shaped federal power.
Marbury v. Madison? (accept others like McCulloch v. Maryland)
What is the most significant reason presidential power has grown?(Open-ended)
national crises, war, technology, media influence, etc.
A representative who uses a mix of trustee, delegate, and partisan strategies is known as a _____.
A politico
A representative votes against a law because the majority of emails they received from citizens said “vote no.”
What is acting as a delegate?
What structure creates separate federal and state court systems?
The dual court system
Which presidential role allows the President to influence Congress on bills and legislation?
Chief Legislator
What happens if Congress passes a bill and the President vetoes it?
Congress can override the veto with a 2/3 vote
Redrawing district lines to benefit a political party is called _____.
Gerrymandering
A senator changes their vote after the party leader tells them the official party stance.
What is acting as a partisan?
The expansion of executive power over time has been justified through which clause in Article II?
The “executive power” clause (or “vesting clause”)?
Name the two major historical theories of presidential power.
strict construction (limited) and stewardship theory (expanded)
What is the last step of the lawmaking process before a bill becomes law?
The President signs it (or the veto is overridden).