Misc. Islamic Empire
This was created by an Iranian, Muslim mathematician.
Algebra
This was the great church built in Constantinople by Justinian.
The Hagia Sophia
During the Hijrah, Muhammad traveled from Mecca to this city. This marks year one of the Muslim calendar.
Medina (Yathrib)
A successor of Muhammad was known as this.
Caliph
This city was used by the Byzantines as a hub for trade and as a link to Asia and Europe.
Constantinople
To discourage worshiping Muhammad, as one should only worship Allah.
This event split the Christian religion into different sects forever.
The Great Schism
While meditating in a cave on Mount Hera, Muhammad was visited by the angel, Gabriel, and was told to recite this.
There is only one God, and Allah is his name.
This sect of Islam supported Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law, Ali, to take over as Caliph after Muhammad's death.
Shia -or- Shiite
This was a group of laws that is derived from laws from the Roman Empire.
Justinian Code (Corpus Juris Civilis)
This city was the capital of the Abbasid empire and was built in concentric circles, between two rivers.
Baghdad
This spread from the Byzantine Empire to early Russia.
Orthodox Christianity
Muhammad's revelations were recorded in this, in order to preach the way of life in Islam.
The Koran/Qur'an
This sect of Islam accepted Abu Bakr as Muhammad's successor and Caliph.
Sunni
This group of people are credited with the reason for the fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1453.
The Ottoman Turks
This sect of Islam focused on their mystical relationship with Allah.
Sufis
This is the reason the throne of the emperor in the Byzantine Empire is big enough for two.
Room for the emperor and room for Jesus Christ
Allah and his troops did this when they finally conquered Mecca.
Circled the Ka'aba 7 times and destroyed the polytheistic idols of the Bedouin tribes within the Ka'aba.
They also accepted the people of Mecca and did not seek out revenge or more violence.
This was a mosque built in Jerusalem at the site of a Jewish temple.
The Dome of the Rock
This person is one of the best known historians of the Byzantine Empire. (Secret History)
Procopius
This provides Muslims with a guide to proper ethical and moral behavior.
The Five Pillars of Islam
This was the action of destroying or outlawing the use of icons in the Byzantine Empire.
Iconoclasm (Iconoclasts)
Muhammad preached that Islam was not just a religion but was also this.
A way of life
These two empires faced massive defeats at the hands of the Arab/Muslim armies.
Persian and Byzantine Empire
This knowledge was preserved by the Byzantine Empire.
Greek Literature and Culture (Homer, Plato, Socrates, etc.)