MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ATROPHY AND HYPERTROPHY?
ATROPHY IS THE DECREASE IN TISSUE OR MUSCLE SIZE, VERSUS HYPERTROPHY, AN INCREASE IN TISSUE OR MUSCLE SIZE.
WHAT IS THE ANATOMICAL NAME FOR THE DOG'S WRIST REGION?
CARPUS
WHICH SKELETAL DIVISION INCLUDES THE SKULL, VERTBRAL COLUMN, RIBS AND STERNUM?
AXIAL SKELETON
WHICH DIRECTIONAL TERM MEANS TOWARD THE BODY'S MIDLINE?
MEDIAL
WHICH CONNECTIVE TISSUE LAYER SURROUNDS MUSCLE FIBERS?
ENDOMYSIOUM
WHAT DOES THE SUFFIX '-ITIS' INDICATE, AND WHAT IS MYOSITIES?
WHICH PROMINENT BONY LANDMARK FORMS THE POINT OF THE ELBOW?
OLECRANON OF THE ULNA
WHAT TYPE OF BONE IS THE PATELLA, AND WHAT IS ITS PRIMARY MECHNICAL ROLE?
SESAMOID BONE THAT IMPROVES THE LEVERAGE OF THE QUADRICEPS MECHANISM AND PROTECTS ITS TENDON.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PROXIMAL AND DISTAL WHEN DESCRIBING A LIMB?
PROXIMAL IS CLOSER TO THE TRUNK OR POINT OF ATTACHMENT. DISTAL IS FURTHER FROM THE TRUNK OR POINT OF ATTACHMENT.
WHICH MUSCLE IS ASSOCIATED WITH SHOULDER EXTENSION AND STABLIZATION?
SUPRASPINATUS
WHAT DOES THE PREFIX 'HYPO-' MEAN AND WHAT WOULD HYPOMOBILITY DESCRIBE?
HYPO- BELOW NORMAL OR DEFICIENT. HYPOMOBILITY IS REDUCED MOVEMENT AT A JOINT OR STRUCTURE.
A BODYWORKER PALPATES THE PROMINENT POINT OF THE HOCK, WHAT LANDMARK ARE THEY IDENTIFYING?
TUBER CALCANEI, THE PROMINENT PROJECTION OF THE CALCANEUS. (CALCANEAL TUBEROSITY)
WHICH TWO BONES FORM THE MAJORITY OF THE DOG'S ANTEBRACHIUM?
A DOG MOVES ITS LIMB AWAY FROM THE MEDIAN PLANE, WHAT IS THIS MOVEMENT, AND WHAT IS THE OPPOSITE?
ABDUCTION AND THE OPPOSITE IS ADDUCTION
WHICH MUSCLE IS THE PRIMARY EXTENSOR OF THE ELBOW?
TRICEPS BRACHII
BREAK DOWN THE TERM 'POLYARTHRITIS' INTO ITS PREFIX, ROOT AND SUFFIX MEANING.
POLY- MEANING MANY, ARTHR- MEANING JOINT, AND -ITIS MEANING INFLAMMATION. POLYARTHRITIS IS INFLAMMTION INVOLVING MULTIPLE JOINTS.
WHICH THREE BONES FORM THE HIP BONES?
ILIUM, ISCHIUM, AND PUBIS.
WHAT ARE THE FIVE MAIN REGIONS OF THE CANINE VERTBRAL COLUMN, IN CRANIAL TO CAUDAL ORDER?
CERVICAL, THORACIC, LUMBAR, SACRAL AND COCCYGEAL
A DOGS ELBOW BECOMES STRAIGHTER AS THE TRICEPS BRACHII CONTRACTS. NAME THE MOVEMENT AND THE MUSCEL'S FUNCTIONAL ROLE.
EXTENSION, WITH TRICEPS BRACHII ACTING AS THE PRIME MOVER (AGONIST FOR ELBOW EXTENSION.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN AGONIST AND ANTAGONIST DURING A MOVEMENT?
AGONIST IS THE PRIME MOVER PRODUCING AN ACTION, THE ANTAGONIST OPPOSES OR CONTROLS THE ACTION.
BREAK DOWN THE TERMS 'PERIOSTEUM' INTO ITS PREFIX AND ROOT MEANING.
PERI- MEANING AROUND, OSTE- REFERRING TO BONE, THE PERIOSTEUM IS THE CASING/CONNECTIVE TISSUE AROUND THE BONE SHAFTS.
WHICH PALPABLE LANDMARK PROJECTS LATERALLY FROM THE ILIUM?
TUBER COXAE (COXAL TUBEROSITY)
WHICH STRUCTURE CONNECTS THE FEMORAL HEAD TO THE ACETABULUM?
LIGAMENT OF THE HEAD OF THE FEMUR (ROUND LIGAMENT)
ON THE FORELIMB, WHAT IS THE DIRECTIONAL TERM FOR THE SURFACE OPPOSITE THE PALMAR SURFACE?
DORSAL
THIS PROMINENT MUSCLE OF THE CHEEK IS LARGELY RESPONSIBLE FOR ELEVATING THE MANDIBLE AND CLOSING THE JAW WITH POWERFUL BITING FORCE.
MASSETER