Basic Heart Anatomy
How many chambers does the heart have?
Four
What is the function of heart valves?
Prevent back flow
What is the largest artery in the body?
Aorta
What is the natural pacemaker of the heart?
SA node or sinoatrial node
What is the term for the contraction phase of the heart?
Systole
Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?
Left Ventricle
Which valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle?
Tricuspid Valve
What blood vessels carry blood back to the heart?
Veins
What structure carries electrical signals from the atria to the ventricles?
AV node or atrioventricular node
What is the main function of the coronary arteries?
Supply blood to the heart muscle
Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
Right Atrium
Which valve prevents backflow into the left ventricle?
Aortic valve
What blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
What is the function of the Purkinje fibers?
Help ventricles contract to pump blood out of the heart
What type of blood do pulmonary arteries carry?
Deoxygenated blood
Name the 4 chambers of the heart.
Right atrium, Right ventricle, Left atrium, Left ventricle
The mitral valve is also known as what?
Bicuspid Valve
What is the name of the major vein that returns blood from the body to the right atrium?
Superior and Inferior vena cava
If a patient has an irregular heart rhythm, what is this condition called?
Arrhythmia)
What is the function of capillaries?
Allow exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues
What is the thickest chamber of the heart and why?
Left ventricle, because it pumps blood to the entire body at high pressure
Name the four heart valves.
Tricuspid valve, Pulmonary valve, Mitral valve, Aortic valve
Blood flows from the right ventricle to the lungs through which artery?
Pulmonary artery
Define a heart rate above 100 bpm at rest)
What is tachycardia
What is the main difference between systemic and pulmonary circulation?
Systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood to the body, while pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs