Cell Membranes
a water-soluble property of the CM that describes the head of a phospholipid
hydrophilic
Rigid structure located on the outside of the cell membrane in plant, fungi, and bacterial cells
cell wall
non-polar lipid molecule that resides in the interior portion of the bilayer
cholesterol
protein molecules that are permanently attached to the cell membrane
integral proteins
non-water-soluble property that describes the tail of a phospholipid
hydrophobic
protein channels that extend all the way across the bilayer to provide passageways for ions and polar molecules
transmembrane proteins
the structure that would spontaneously occur if a collection of phospholipids were to be placed in water
lipid bilayer
modified fat molecules that compose the foundation of the cell membrane
phospholipids
surrounds the protoplasm in animal cells and separates internal components from the external environment
cell membrane
proteins that catalyze organic reactions, transmit messages to regulate biological processes and transport molecules through the membrane
globular proteins
process by which a cell directs the contents of a vesicle out of the cell
exocytosis
property of the membrane that allows some substances to pass through it more easily than others
selective permeability
movement of water across the cell membrane
Osmosis
process by which cells absorb molecules by engulfing them
endocytosis
proteins that adhere to the surface of the cell membrane through hydrogen bonding
peripheral proteins
most abundant type of protein to span the lipid layer
integral proteins
the cell membrance's basic structure of proteins embedded in a sheet of lipids
fluid mosaic model
a common waste product of animal cells
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
movement that involves direct diffusion through the membrane. It always operates from regions of greater concentration to that of lesser concentration.
passive transport
movement which involves solute passing from lower concentration to higher concentration into the cell through the presence of protein carriers
active transport
the ability of some organisms to regulate the fluidity of their cell membrane by altering the lipid composition
homeoviscous adaptation
receptor proteins present on the surface of the cell membrane
antigens
containing both polar and nonpolar regions. (ex: phospholipids)
amphipathic
Last names of the two scientists that proposed the "fluid mosaic" model in 1972
Singer and Nicolson
the remaining of the four elemental components of a phospholipid. Oxygen, hydrogen, and phosphate
Carbon