🩸 He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Clotted
This BRAND-NAMED agent is the preferred single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) to prevent MACE in symptomatic PAD, based on results from the CAPRIE trial.
What is Plavix?
This medication is the only pharmacological agent recommended for the management of claudication symptoms. Provide both brand and generic names.
What is cilostazol (Pletal)?
One statin regimen that is first-line in patients with lower extremity PAD. Provide complete drug brand/generic name, dose, route, and frequency.
What is:
- atorvastatin (Lipitor) 40-80 mg PO daily
- rosuvastatin (Crestor) 20-40 mg PO daily
An ABI below this threshold is generally definitive of lower extremity PAD.
What is </= 0.90?
This syndrome is characterized by episodic vasoconstriction/vasospasm in the fingers and/or toes that is usually triggered by cold temperatures, emotional stress, or vibration.
What is Raynaud's Phenomenon?
This medication is a PAR-1 antagonist used in combination with SAPT that is contraindicated in patients with a history of stroke, TIA, intracranial hemorrhage, or active pathological bleeding. Generic name only.
What is vorapaxar?
Patients with this medical condition should not receive cilostazol.
What is heart failure?
This drug class, that is also used to for weight management, is recommend in patients with PAD and diabetes to reduce the risk of MACE.
What are GLP-1 receptor agonists?
These are the 6 P's that patients with ACUTE LIMB ISCHEMIA will present with.
What are...
Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Poikilothermia, Parasthesias, and Paralysis?
This is ONE drug class that can cause Raynaud's Phenomenon.
What is...
- Stimulant drugs (cocaine, amphetamines)
- Parenteral Vasoconstrictors (epinephrine)
- Decongestants (phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine)
- Anti-migraine drugs (ergot derivatives, sumatriptan)
- Bromocriptine
- Some cytotoxic drugs
- Non-selective beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol)
This regimen has the STRONGEST recommendedation in patients after endovascular or surgical revascularization to reduce MACE and MALE. Include complete GENERIC drug names, doses, routes, and frequencies.
What is rivaroxaban 2.5 mg PO twice daily PLUS aspirin 81 mg PO daily?
One of the following is correct regarding cilostazol:
A. Take with food
B. Smoking cessation is advised before starting
C. Therapy should be discontinued if there are no improvements in 1 month
D. There is a low risk for drug-drug interactions
What is B. Smoking cessation is advised before starting?
This drug class, which is also a pillar of heart failure, is recommended to treat diabetes in patients with PAD to reduce MACE.
What are SGLT-2 inhibitors?
This clinical subset of PAD is considered to be present for > 2 weeks and is characterized by pain at rest, with complications such as gangrene and/or non-healing wound ulcers.
What is chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI)?
This is ONE non-pharmacological/self-care strategy for the management of RP.
What is...
Wearing mittens/gloves/socks | Layering clothing | Avoiding rapidly changing temperatures/cold temperatures | Drying skin thoroughly after washing hands | Guarding against injuries to affected area | Avoiding stressors | Avoiding vasoconstricting drugs | Smoking cessation
A 65-year-old man with PAD, T2DM, and HTN who has just undergone an endovascular revasculariation procedure.This is the recommended range of DAPT based on the 2024 ACC/AHA Guideline.
What is 1-6 months?
Provide THREE appropriate self care counseling points for preventative foot care in PAD.
What is...
- Visual examination
- Washing/drying feet daily
- Foot exercises (heel lifts, ankle pumps, rolling bottom of foot with tennis ball)
- Protect feet from heat and cold
- Avoid walking barefoot
- Wear socks and appropriately fitting shoes
- Avoid compression stockings
These 2 specific vaccinations are recommended by the 2024 ACC/AHA guideline to decrease CV events and hospitalizations, thrombotic events, and death associated with infection.
What are influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations?
Name at least TWO outcomes that is considered to be a Major Adverse Limb Event.
What is...
- Acute limb ischemia
- Critical limb ischemia
- Need for revascularization (e.g., endovascular, surgical)
- Amputation
These are the measures that one would take to treat an RP attack. Must provide all four mentioned on slides.
What are to...
- Place hands under warm water or under armpits
- Make wide circles with arms
- Rub/massage hands/feet
- Wiggle fingers/toes
Tom Riddle is an 80-year-old man with a history of DM, HTN, HLD, and GERD who was just recently diagnosed with symptomatic lower-extremity PAD. His current medications include amlodipine 10 mg daily; atorvastatin 80 mg daily; metformin 500 mg twice daily; omeprazole 20 mg PO daily. One of these regimens would be the most appropriate treatment at this time:
A. aspirin 81 mg PO daily
B. aspirin 325 mg PO daily
C. clopidogrel 75 mg PO daily
D. rivaroxaban 2.5 mg PO twice daily PLUS aspirin 81 mg PO daily
What is aspirin 81 mg PO daily (A)?
This type of exercise program is prescribed by a qualified professional, but is self-directed may take place at home.
What is a Structured Community-Based Exercise Program?
Tom Riddle is an 80-year-old man with a history of DM, HTN, HLD, and GERD who was just recently diagnosed with symptomatic lower-extremity PAD. His current medications include amlodipine 10 mg daily; atorvastatin 80 mg daily; metformin 500 mg twice daily; omeprazole 20 mg PO daily. This drug class should be added to control the patient's blood pressure and prevent MACE.
What are ACE inhibitors or ARBs?
A. A 66 year-old man with no additional risk factors
B. A 50 year-old woman with pre-diabetes
C. A 40 year-old man with a history of PCI
D. A 44 year-old woman with a history of T2D who has a 20 pack-year smoking history
What are A, C, and D?
A. A 66 year-old man with no additional risk factors
C. A 40 year-old man with a history of PCI
D. A 44 year-old woman with a history of T2D who has a 20 pack-year smoking history
This pharmacologic class is first line in the management of RP. Must be specific.
What are the dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers?