Erudition
This pope was a 7th century contributor to a synthesis of philosophy and theology as well as impacting the liturgy through the promotion of chant.
This man called for the Crusades to take back the Holy Land and rescue Eastern Christians who were asking for help from their Islamic overloads. He later condemned abuses of certain parties that took part in the Crusades.
Who is Pope Urban II?
Religiously or politically motivated destruction of religious images happened throughout history and still today. The Byzantine Iconoclasm of the 8th and 9th centuries, was later echoed in what Martin Luther termed the “Bildersturm” during the Reformation. This is what the term iconoclasm literally means.
What is image breaking?
This rule guided monks away from extreme ascetism to a more balanced approach to monastic life marked by humility and hospitality.
What is the Rule of St. Benedict?
A pagan ruler of the Franks (d. 511) was persuaded by his generous and saintly wife to convert to Catholicism and the result changed the course of the faith in France.
Who is Clovis?
These two 9th century Byzantine missionaries evangelized the Slavic world by translating the Bible, liturgies, and key texts into Old Church Slavonic by first inventing a new alphabet.
Who are Sts. Cyril and Methodius?
Constantinople, Jerusalem, Antioch, and Alexandria--4 of the 5 primary centers of Christianity-- all fell to invading Islamic forces. Only this city did not fall.
What is Rome?
What is the Photian Schism?
This monk-priest was an Eastern father later named a Doctor of the Church who is best known for his ardent defense of the proper use of icons in prayer against the iconoclasts.
Who is St. John Damascene?
What is the Hagia Sophia?
This theologian was known for reconciling the teachings of Aristotle with Catholic doctrine.
Who is St. Thomas Aquinas?
In 1095, this military campaign resulted in the establishment of the (short-lived) Kingdom of Jerusalem.
What is the First Crusade?
Linguistical and liturgical differences, the Filioque clause, power struggles, and mutual excommunications marked the lead up to a yet unhealed schism in this year.
What is 1054 A.D.?
(Known as the East-West Schism of 1054 A.D.)
The Franciscans and Dominicans were founded in the 13th century as the first of these types of orders which are rooted in a radical poverty and dependence upon donations.
What are Mendicant Orders?
This Danish Viking united the Scandinavian tribes and Danish people and is the first Scandinavian King to convert to Christianity. (His name lives on due to a certain technology that links devices together.)
Who is Harald Bluetooth?
This pivotal scholar and educator served as an advisor to Charlemagne. Among his numerous achievements is and educational reform that implemented the trivium (grammar, rhetoric, logic) and quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, music, astronomy) across Europe.
Who is Alcuin (of York)?
Breaking the siege on this city is how Joan turned the tide of the Hundred Years War for France.
What is Orleans?
During most of the 1300s, the Catholic Popes resided in France due to unrest in Italy and pressure from the French Crown. This is the term for the abandonment of Rome as an important center of Christianity and an ancient see of the Church during this time.
What is the Avignon Papacy?
What is the Cluniac Reform?
Contrary to the advice of his closest advisor, this ruler forced the conversion of the Germanic-Saxon King Wittikind and actually served as his godfather.
Who is Charlemagne?
This Catholic author wrote his magnum opus in the Tuscan vernacular instead of in Latin, and thus became known as the Father of the Italian language.
Who is Dante?
Granada was the last Muslim stronghold before Queen Isabel and King Ferdinand completed this 800 year process.
What is the Reconquista?
In this event Pope Stephen VI disinterred Pope Formosius to put him on trial.
What is the Cadaver Synod?
Considered the "Green Berets" of the monastics, this order of monks abstains entirely from meat, and are known for extreme silence and solitary living within a larger community that meets for prayer. They also live a monastic life that has remained largely unchanged for 1,000 years.
What is the Carthusian Order? Or Who are the Carthusians?
This ruler from this country went head to head with his former pal Thomas Beckett over the Constitutions of Clarendon. (Name and Country)
Who is King Henry II of England?