Discrimination and Segregation
In what decade, and in what part of the country were blacks facing the most discrimination?
In the 1950's in the South
Who was the woman made famous by refusing to move to the back of the bus?
Rosa Parks
How did the state of Arkansas respond to the national law to integrate schools?
They chose to resist (or ignore) the new law.
Why was Birmingham known as one of the most harsh cities regarding segregation?
The local government refused to follow rules.
How did the Black Power movement differ from the movement of MLK?
It demanded civil rights at all costs. Violence was allowed.
Give three examples of discrimination towards African-Americans during this period.
Busses, drinking fountains, elevators, schools, restrooms, restaurants
What organization was involved in the bus boycott?
NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
How did President Eisenhower handle the integration situation at the school in Little Rock, Arkansas?
He sent troops in from the Arkansas National Guard. (Or, he sent troops)
Which chief of police resisted integration laws?
Bull Connor
Nation of Islam and
Black Panthers
Explain what "separate but equal" means and describe what this actually looked like in real society by giving an example.
That segregation was okay as long as facilities were made available to both and equal in quality.
In reality, this was not true. For example, schools for blacks had a much lower quality than white schools.
Who led the bus boycott?
Martin Luther King, Jr.
What nickname was given to the students who fought to attend the school in Little Rock?
The Little Rock Nine
What famous letter did MLK write from jail?
What did the letter say?
Letter from Birmingham Jail
It explained the goals of the civil rights movement
Who was Malcom X?
What message did African-American parents often teach their young children?
That they were as good as anyone else.
What type of resistance did MLK teach his followers to practice
Nonviolent Resistance
What was a sit-in protest?
When African-Americans sat at lunch counters, peacefully, protesting not being able to be served like whites were.
Why were children used in marches?
To get the attention of the nation and the federal government (you can say one or both of these.)
Why did Black Power groups form?
They did not believe that the MLK movement was working fast enough.
What are two consequences that blacks faced when speaking out about discrimination?
Job losses, harassment by police, beaten up
Explain how the bus boycott worked.
Blacks chose to walk rather to ride busses. This hurt the bus companies because they made less money, causing them to change their rules and allow blacks the same rights as whites on the busses.
How were the results of sit-ins and the bus boycott similar?
They both hurt the profits of the businesses and caused the businesses to make a change.
Describe how Bull Connor reacted to the Children's Marches.
He used fire hoses, dogs, and threw people in jail.
Who assassinated Malcom X?
The Nation of Islam
What was the name of the Supreme Court case that desegregated schools?
Brown vs. the Board of Education
What type of job did MLK have before becoming the leader of the Civil Rights Movement?
He was a minister
Give two rules that African-Americans established for lunch counter sit-ins.
1. Be friendly
2. Sit up straight at all times
3. Always face the counter.
4. Don't strike back.
5. Don't curse, laugh, hold conversation, block entrances.
What did the Voting rights Act of 1965 do?
It outlawed literacy tests.
Name three long-lasting effects of the civil rights movement:
-equality
-African Americans were elected into public office
-integration
-No more literacy tests for voting