North vs South
What type of government did Federalists support? Was this more in the North or South?
A strong federal government. People in the North.
Explain Abolitionists:
A growing movement of people who sought to end slavery, such as Frederick Douglass, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and William Lloyd Garrison, began to push for abolition.
What is Abraham Lincoln arguing in this quote?
"There can be no distinction in the definition of liberty as between one section and another, one class and another, one race and another. A house divided against itself cannot stand, this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free."
Lincoln is arguing that liberty must apply equally to all people, regardless of region, class, or race, and that the nation cannot survive if it remains divided between free and slave states.
Why did Southern states feel threatened by Lincoln’s election, and what steps did they take in response to his victory?
Southern states feared Lincoln would immediately abolish slavery and take away their economic power, so they began to secede from the Union, starting with South Carolina.
How did the Emancipation Proclamation affect African Americans during the Civil War?
It allowed African Americans to serve in the Union Army and declared enslaved people in Confederate states to be free.
Is this quote from a Federalist or Anti-Federalist? Why?
"Slavery is a matter that should be left to the individual states. The federal government should not interfere with the rights of states to determine their own labor systems."
Anti-Federalist because they support states rights over a strong federal government.
Explain the Fugitive Slave Act:
Part of the Compromise of 1850, this law required that escaped slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in free states. It further inflamed abolitionist movement.
What is Abraham Lincoln arguing in this quote?
"Now, you've heard the judge make allusion to those who advocate voting and eating and marrying and sleeping with Negroes, whether he meant me specifically, I do not know. If he did, I can only say that just because I do not want a colored woman for a slave, I do not necessarily want her for a wife. I do not need to have her for either, I can just leave her alone."
Lincoln is expressing that he does not wish to enslave African Americans, but he does not believe in social equality, including interracial marriage.
What was Fort Sumter, and why was it important during the Civil War?
Fort Sumter was a Union military base in South Carolina that was seen as a symbol of Union authority in the South. Its attack marked the beginning of the Civil War.
What was the significance of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry during the Civil War?
It was the first all-Black regiment in the Union Army and defeated an all white troop in South Carolina.
How did the steam engine revolutionize factory production in the North?
It allowed factories to be built anywhere, not just near water sources.
Explain the Dred Scott Case:
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that African Americans, whether free or enslaved, could not be citizens and that Congress had no authority to prohibit slavery in the territories, further inflaming sectional tensions.’
What does this quote from the Emancipation Proclamation mean:
"And I further declare and make known, that such persons of suitable condition, will be received into the armed service of the United States to garrison forts, positions, stations, and other places, and to man vessels of all sorts in said service."
It declares that African Americans of healthy condition will be allowed to join the U.S. military.
Why was the First Battle of Bull Run significant in the early years of the Civil War?
It was the first major battle, and it proved that the war would not be quick and easy, with both sides realizing the conflict would be long and brutal.
How did Harriet Tubman contribute to the Union Army during the Civil War
She worked as a spy and scout, providing intelligence and leading an armed raid to free enslaved people.
What was the impact of the Cotton Gin on the Cotton Industry?
It made cotton production more efficient and increased the demand for slave labor.
Explain the Missouri Compromise:
To maintain the balance of free and slave states, Missouri was admitted as a slave state, and Maine as a free state. It established a line across the map(36°30') dividing free and slave territories.
What is Stephen Douglas arguing in this quote?
"Now, will I be swayed from that position by all the ranting of all the fanatics who preach racial equality, who ask us to vote, eat, sleep, and marry with Negroes? And I say further, let each state mind its own business and leave its neighbors alone. If we'll stand on that principle, then Mr. Lincoln will find that this great Republic can exist forever, divided into free and slave states, and we can go on as we have done, increasing in wealth, in population, in power, until we shall become the admiration and the terror of the world!"
Douglas argues that racial equality should not be a concern and that each state should have the right to decide its own laws regarding slavery, suggesting that the country can continue to thrive as a divided nation.
How did the Battle of Antietam impact the course of the Civil War?
The Union won the battle, but it came at a high cost in casualties, and the victory provided President Lincoln with the opportunity to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
What role did Clara Barton play in the Civil War, and what did she establish after the war?
She served as a nurse, tending to wounded soldiers, and later founded the American Red Cross.
Who was Nat Turner and what he tried to do?
Nat Turner was an enslaved preacher who led a rebellion to fight for freedom, killing 60 white people in the process.
Explain John Brown's Raid:
Abolitionist John Brown led an unsuccessful raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in an attempt to incite a slave revolt. His actions heightened fears of slave uprisings in the South.
What is Douglas criticizing in this quote?
"He never, by any mischance, makes reference to the condition of labor here in the north; perhaps he's ignorant of the fact that tens of thousands of workers are now on strike, hungry men marching through the streets in a ragged order, promoting riots because they're not paid enough to keep the flesh upon the bones of their babies. What kind of liberty is this and what kind of equality!"
The poor working conditions and inequality faced by laborers in the North, who are not receiving fair wages.
What was the significance of the Battle of Shiloh during the early years of the Civil War?
The Union emerged victorious, marking the first major defeat for Confederate forces in the West.
Who was Frederick Douglass, and what role did he play in the abolitionist movement?
He was a former slave who became a prominent abolitionist, writer, and speaker, advocating for the end of slavery and equality for African Americans.