People involved the Cold War
President from 1945-1953, he initiated the policy of containment to stop the Soviet movement and Communism from spreading. Established the Truman doctrine to support nations resisting communism.
Harry Truman
These armed conflicts, such as the Korean War and the Vietnam War, were characterized by their location in smaller countries and often combined local issues (land reform) with international conflict (the spread of communism). They were considered stand-ins for the Soviet Union and the US, allowing them to fight indirectly.
Proxy Wars
A group that meets in Brussels consists of Canada, France, Great Britain, United States, and many more. Created by western forces so they could coordinate their defenses in case of a conflict with the Soviet Union
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Designed to give 12 billion dollars of aid to European countries to help countries become stronger and not turn to communism.
Marshall Plan
Many Germans living in the East found the prosperity of democratic West Germany quite appealing, leading them to flee. In response, the Soviet and East German governments implemented this to keep the people from entering the West.
Berlin Wall
President from 1953 to 1961, he initiated the Eisenhower doctrine that aimed to counter communism in the middle east.
Dwight Eisenhower
Concerned about the formation of a communist country so close to the US, this failed invasion was orchestrated by exiles with the support of John F Kennedy in order to overthrow the leader, Castro. This failed invasion cemented an alliance with the Soviets + this country. a) What was the name of the invasion? b) What country was to be invaded?
Bay of Pigs, Cuba
Created in 1955, a group originally consisting of Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union. The group rivaled NATO and the nation’s leaders met in Moscow to make decisions.
Warsaw Pact
This was created to reduce the amount of radiation people would be exposed to as a result of nuclear weapons testing. It banned the testing of nuclear weapons above ground, underwater, and in space, however, underground testing stayed legal.
Test-Ban Treaty (1963)
After the US placed nuclear missiles in Turkey, this man, who came into power after Stalin, felt justified in shipping nuclear missiles to Cuba.
Nikita Khrushchev
Accelerated the end of the US’s involvement in the Cold War through a peace through strength idea. President from 1981-1989. Exploited the weaknesses of the eastern bloc.
Ronald Raegan
A major cold war conflict, conflict ocured when the USA intervened to stop the country from becoming fully communist starting a guerilla war that to many catastrophes.
Vietnam War
This anti-Soviet organization was formed by Iran, Iraq, Britain, Turkey, and Pakistan in order to prevent the spread of communism into the Middle East. The US was not a full member, but it joined CENTO’s military committee.
Central Treaty Organization (CENTO)
This called on nuclear powers to prevent the spread of nuclear technology and materials to non-nuclear countries.
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (1968)
After the Soviets and the Americans withdrew their missiles, they realized communication between their countries would be beneficial, so they established a direct telegraph link between their leaders’ offices
Hot Line
Led a movement resisting Soviet rule in Czechoslovakia. THis event was known as the Prague Spring.
Alexander Dubcek
War between Communist North Korea, and the democratic South Korea. North Korea invaded South Korea to gain full rule over Korea, but the UN decided to help South Korea helping the war efforts
Korean War
A Cold War collective defense allaince, that was established to prevent the spread of communism in Southeast Asia.
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)
A symbol of détente, this agreement between the Soviets and the US was designed to cap the number of intercontinental ballistic missiles the powers could keep
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT)
After resolving conflicts/crises of the 1960s, the relationship between the US and the Soviets improved greatly, and this period of increased amicability between the nations was known as…
Détente
President from 1961-1963. He imposed a naval blockade blocking the USSR during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Authorized the failed Bay of Pigs invasion.
John F. Kennedy
Armed conflict taking place in Nicaragua, a conservative group known as the Contras, attempted to overthrow the socialist Sandinistas. The US supported the Contras during this conflict with covert support. This armed conflict ended after the signing of the Tela Accord and the demobilization of both parties’ armies.
Contra War
The soviet response to the Marshall plan, aimed at facilitating trade, the economy, and industrialization.
Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON)
Created in 1987, this agreement between the US and the Soviet Union restricted intermediate range nuclear weapons, reducing the risk of a dreaded nuclear war. This agreement quited some of the Cold War supporters and led to less pressure form Soviet conservatives, allowing for Gorbachev to more easily implement reforms
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF)
A brief period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia. Led by Alexander Dubček, the movement challenged Soviet authority which resulted in a violent Warsaw Pact Invasion.
Prague Spring