Origins of the Cold War
What phrase did Winston Churchill use for the first time describing the expanded USSR when they installed pro-Soviet governments in Bulgaria, Hungary, and Romania?
An "iron curtain"
A military alliance formed in 1955 by the Soviet Union and seven Eastern European countries.
Warsaw Pact
How was Germany divided after WWII?
Divided into four zones, each occupied by the Allies:
Britain, France, Soviet Union, and the U.S.
What form of government did North Korea have?
Communist
Who did John F Kennedy run against in the 1960 Presidential election?
Richard Nixon
What was the United States policy to prevent the spread of Communism?
Policy of Containment
CIA response to Castro revolution by training 1400 Cuban exiles to invade and overthrow Castro.
Bay of Pigs
What marked the beginning of the arms race between the U.S. and the Soviet Union?
Dropping of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
What kind of government did South Korea have?
Democratic
What fact was an important issue in the 1960 election?
That JFK was Roman Catholic
What impelled the US to support any nation with both military and economic aid if its stability was threatened by communism or the Soviet Union?
Truman Doctrine
A conflict instigated by opposing powers who do not fight against each other directly. Instead, they use third parties to do the fighting for them.
Proxy war
Why did Stalin want to create a buffer zone in Eastern Europe?
To stop another invasion from the West through Poland.
How was South Korea's economy?
unstable
What pledged economic aid to help rebuild war torn Europe?
Marshall Plan
This proxy war started when France was forced out the of the country and the people began a civil war over which type of government would take power. The United States sent troop and joined on the side of the South, and the Soviet Union sent supplies to the North. The United States eventually pulled out of the country after devastating defeats and human rights abuses. This guaranteed victory for the communists.
Vietnam War
What did the US fear would happen to South Korea?
It would fall to Communism
What was a military alliance of 10 western European nations, the US and Canada that declared that "an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against all of them"?
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
President Richard Nixon’s strategy for ending U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, involving a gradual withdrawal of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese forces.
Vietnamization
How was Stalin able to secure the Eastern European countries as Soviet satellite states?
The Soviet army occupied those areas at the end of WWII.
Where were the countries divided before the war and where are they divided now?
38th parallel