New England Colonies
What was the geography like in the New England Colonies?
cold/dry climate, rocky soil, forest, rocky hills and mountains, many natural harbors and coastlines
Describe the geography and geography of the Middle Colonies
Mild climate, good fertile soil, rivers and waterways, forests and grasslands
What was the geography like in the Southern Colonies?
Warm/humid climate, fertile soil, grasslands, long coastlines and natural harbors
What were the English documents that influenced colonial self-government?
Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights
What was mercantilism?
The colonies exist for the benefit of the Mother Country. They provide raw materials and the mother country manufactures them into goods and then sells the goods back to the colonies.
What were the main economic activities in the New England Colonies?
Shipbuilding, fishing, trade and commerce
What were the main economic activities in the Middle Colonies?
Farming (Breadbasket), Trade and Commerce, Small-scale Manufacturing, cattle ranching, shipbuilding
What were the main economic activities in the Southern Colonies?
Agriculture (Cash Crops; Plantations), trade
What was the Virginia House of Burgesses and why was it significant?
First form of representative government in the colonies
It set the American government in motion
Explain the concept of Triangular Trade.
Transatlantic trade system in which goods and slaves were exchanged between Africa, England, the West Indies, and the colonies
Which religious groups settled in the New England Colonies?
Christians: Church of England, Puritans, Separatists
How did the Middle Colonies differ from the New England Colonies regarding religious tolerance?
In the middle colonies they tolerated all forms of Christianity. In the New England colonies they pushed puritanism and that led to splitting up into new colonies for religious freedom.
Describe the social aspect of Georgia's population.
Georgia filled with many different ethnicities, debtors, criminals
What was the Mayflower Compact and why was it important?
First example of self government in the colonies
What was the Middle Passage?
Middle leg of the triangular trade that brought captured slaves from Africa to America
What were some important political documents in the New England Colonies?
Mayflower Compact
Fundamental Order of Connecticut
What types of government were found in the Middle Colonies?
Royal Colonies (New York & New Jersey), colonial constitutions, assemblies, Proprietary Colonies
What were some important political developments in the Southern Colonies?
Virginia House of Burgesses (Virginia) - first form of representative government in America; 1st Proprietary Colony (Maryland)
What were the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
First written constitution in the colonies
What were the failed and successful early colonies in America?
Roanoke - 1585
Jamestown - 1607
Name two major settlements in the New England Colonies and the bodies of water they were located near.
Boston - Massachusetts Bay
New Haven - Connecticut River
Name two major settlements in the Middle Colonies and the bodies of water they were located near.
New York City - Hudson River
Philadelphia - Delaware River
Name two major settlements in the Southern Colonies and their respective bodies of water.
Jamestown - James River
Baltimore - Chesapeake Bay
Charleston - Atlantic Ocean
What was the Maryland Act of Toleration and who did it protect?
Law created in Maryland to protect all Christians (both Catholic and Protestant) while they practiced their religion without persecution. This DID NOT apply to non-christians.
Describe the significance of Jamestown and Plymouth in American history.
Jamestown: First SUCCESSFUL colony in America
- Introduced Tobacco to America
Plymouth: First written form of self-government in America