Nautical Vocabulary
Astrolabe
A star chart and physical model of visible heavenly bodies.
Chirstopher Columbus
Italian explorer that believed the world was spherical (round). Travelled in the name of Spain to the New World and landed in the Bahamas in 1492.
Which new classification of people was created due to the Age of Exploration expansion?
Merchants who made their living bybuying and selling goods.
Who was Amerigo Vespucci?
Sailed with Columbus in the 1499 route. He noticed that the land they were landing on was not in the Asian cntinent hence the new lands were named "the Americas" in his honor.
Mention 5 plants exchanged between the Americas and Europe.
tomato, corn, peanuts, potatoes, pinapples, tobacco, wheat, oranges, peaches, bananas.
Chronometer
instrument for measuring time
Moctezuma II and Hernan Cortes
Moctezuma: Leader of the Aztecs, often demanded sacrifices from the tribes. His people didn't like him and it is said that they were glad to be rid of him.
Hernan Cortes: Spainish conquistador who when arriving to Mexico had the ships burned telling his crew that they would not return home. He is responsible for having decimated the Aztec empire with the help of an aztec ally, Malinche.
Why is Marco Polo and his family important?
The Polo's were explorers that met with many interesting people including Kubla Khan.
Marco Polo wrote about his journeys to Asia stirring people's imaginations and inspiring others to travel and explore.
What is a colony?
Location where european settlers extablished a village. ( Spanish, colonia)
Mention 5 animals exchanged between the Americas and Europe.
Turkey
cattle
goats
sheep
horses
Sextant
intrument used for measuring the angular distances between objects and stars.
Leif Erikson
Norse explorer who is believed to be the first European to visit North America.
Besides Marco Polo, what other person inpired exploration in Europe?
Prince Henry of Portugal inspired people to explore the coast of Africa in the 1400's.
Mention three bodies of water and four islands considered Taino territory. (p. 81)
Bodies of water: Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico
Islands: Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola (Haiti and Domonican Republic), Puerto Rico
What other things or ideas were exchanged besides plants and animals?
Religion
Cultural activities
Language
Diseases
Carrack
large merchant ship
Queen Isabella of Spain
Princess of Castille and unifier of Spain in her marriage to Ferdinand of Aragon.
She agreed to support Chrsitopher Columbus by giving him money in order to enrich her own country.
What are the main motivations for Spanish Exploration?
Religion: The spread of Christianity.
Social: Movement of people
Economic: Gold and silver, exchange of goods
Curiosity: Interest in new locations and items.
Political: Competition among Europeans
Who was Ferdinand Magellan?
Explorer who died trying to sail arund the world.
What was Juan Ponce de Leon's main interest in exploration?
His main interest was gold, though some people believe he was searching for the Fountain of Youth.
Compass
nautical instrument that shows the direction to magnetic north.
Atahualpa and Francisco Pizzaro
Atahualpa: Inca emperor who was taken into custody by Francisco Pizarro by inviting him to a feast. It took 180 men to capture him. Spent the rest of his life in captivity. His body was never found.
Francisco Pizarro: Decimated the Inca Empire by capturing Atahualpa. Eventually is murdered in his home after extablishing the capital of Peru, Lima.
How many voyages was Columbus on and how are they important?
Four voyages in which he claimed land for Spain.
First: Arrived to the Bahamas in 1492 and believed he was in China. He called the island San Salvador.
Second: Discovered Puerto Rico on his second voyage in 1493.
Third: 1498 went to Puerto Rico and Venezuela.
Fourth: 1502, landed in Cuba.
Who was Vasco Nunes de Balboa?
Explorar who first saw the great waters on the West of the Americas across Panama.
What native American empires vanished after the Spanish Conquest?
Aztecs and Incas.