People to Know
South American revolutionary who led independence wars in the present nations of Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.
Simón Bolívar
the belief that people should be loyal mainly to their nation—that is, to the people with whom they share a culture and history—rather than to a king or empire.
Nationalism
in the first half of the 19th century, a European—usually a wealthy landowner or noble—who wanted to preserve the traditional monarchies of Europe.
Conservative
What unites people and creates strong national feelings?
Language, culture, religion, and history
How did photography exemplify the art of the new industrial age?
Photos could be mass reproduced.
South American revolutionary; he led troops in Argentina, Chile, and Peru and gained independence for these nations.
José de San Martín
“the politics of reality”—the practice of tough power politics without room for idealism.
Realpolitik
in the first half of the 19th century, a European—usually a middle-class business leader or merchant—who wanted to give more political power to elected parliaments.
Liberal
Which 3 empires were torn apart by nationalism?
The Austrian, Russian, and Ottoman Empire
What did realist novelist accomplish with their exposes?
Changes in labor laws and working conditions.
Italian statesman and premier of the kingdom of Sardinia; architect of the Italian unification movement in the late 1800s.
Camillo di Cavour
the process of forcing Russian culture on all ethnic groups in the Russian Empire.
Russification
in the first half of the 19th century, a European who favored drastic change to extend democracy to all people.
Radical
Which two people helped unify Italy?
Camillo Di Cavour and Giuseppe Garibaldi
Why would Europeans and Americans support the Greek revolutionary movement?
Both loved and respected Greek culture and wanted to help them.
German statesman; he became the leading force behind German unification. His main political goal was for Prussia to gain power over Austria.
Otto von Bismarck
an early-19th-century movement in art and thought, which focused on emotion and nature rather than reason and society.
Romanticism
in Spanish colonial society, colonists who were born in Spain.
Peninsulare
How did ideas of romanticism contrast with enlightenment Ideas?
Enlightenment focused on reason while romanticism focused on feelings and nature.
Why might Bolivar believe that South Americans were not ready for the republican form of government?
He feared that the spanish might not do better than the surfs that have to work for free.
Leader of the Mexican rebellion against the spanish rule.Considered to be the Father of Mexican Independence.
Miguel Hidalgo
a movement in 19th-century painting, in which artists reacted against realism by seeking to convey their impressions of subjects or moments in time.
Impressionism
in Spanish colonial society, a colonist who was born in Latin America to Spanish parents.
Créole
How were ideas of romanticism reflected in literature?
Empathized inner feeling including mysterious, supernatural, and horrifying themes.
When can nationalism be a unifying force?
When people who share the same language and culture decide to create their own county out of many states.