People
This Catholic Leader gave a fiery sermon that called for all Christians to unite to reclaim The Holy Land
Pope Urban II
This city was the home of the Catholic pope and the center of Western Christianity
Rome
Another word for cruel and unforgiving
Merciless
This religion was established in Canaan and worshipped Moses as their prophet
Judaism/The Jews
Trips to visit sacred sites or to see holy relics
Pilgrimages
These invaders from Central Asia took over Persia and the Byzantine Empire
The Seljuk Turks
The Byzantine emperor got this city to surrender before the crusaders even had a chance to attack it.
Nicaea
Large but disorganized groups of angry people
Mobs
This religion believed their prophet, Muhammad, ascended to heaven from Jerusalem
Islam/Muslims
The city of Jerusalem and it surrounding territories are called this
The Holy Land
The leader of the Byzantine Empire (he asked the pope for help to fight against the Muslims.)
Emperor Alexius
This holy city was sacred to Christians, Muslims, and Jews
Jerusalem
Soldiers or knights that ride on horses
Cavalry
This branch of Christianity was centered in Rome and was led by the Pope
Western Christianity/Catholics
The retaking of Spain by Christian armies
Reconquista
The great military and political leader who united Muslims to capture Jerusalem
Saladin
This city was finally captured after the Crusaders cut off supplies for almost 9 months
Antioch
Shared valuable information that helped the enemy
Betrayed
This religion was centered in Constantinople and was led by the Byzantine Emperor
Eastern Christianity/Orthodox
The French and German soldiers were defeated by Muslims in this city during the Second Crusade
Damascus
The highly respected English king who bravely led soldiers in the Third Crusade
Richard the Lionhearted
Richard the Lionhearted was king of what country
England
A series of wars in which Christians tried to reclaim the Holy Land
The Crusades
This religion follows the teachings of Jesus who was crucified in Jerusalem
Christianity
Networks comprised of land paths and sea lanes used for exchange of goods, services, and culture between distant regions
Trade Routes